Do you know how to crack the "heart disease" of aviation engines? Then we need to overcome one of the biggest bottlenecks that constrain its performance - blade metal fatigue. Metals can also fatigue, with tens of thousands of revolutions per minute. Over time, there is a risk of cracking. Spallation neutron sources can be used for stress testing of aircraft engine blades to detect and prevent metal fatigue. Do you know the combustible ice distributed in the permafrost of deep sea or land regions? To safely extract, store, transport, and utilize combustible ice, it is necessary to understand its structure and properties. Combustible ice is a crystalline substance formed by methane and water under high pressure and low temperature conditions. Scientists must place it in a thick metal container to simulate the enormous pressure at a depth of one kilometer. Neutrons are the most sensitive to the hydrocarbons that make up combustible ice, and combustible ice research can be conducted through thick metal containers using a fission neutron source. Studying the battery performance of electric vehicles, studying the mechanism of catalyst action, studying the single particle effect of chips, studying the spin fluctuations of high-temperature superconducting materials, all of which can play a key role in these fields. In Songshan Lake Science City, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, adjacent to the highway, there is a unique architectural complex built on the mountain, with the words "China Spallation Neutron Source" standing on the hillside. The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is the first pulse type neutron source in China and the fourth in the world, providing advanced neutron scattering research and applications for international cutting-edge basic scientific research and national development strategies in many fields. Its successful construction has filled the gap in the domestic pulse neutron source and application field, and its technology and comprehensive performance have entered the international advanced ranks of similar devices, significantly improving China's technological level and independent innovation ability in related fields. Neutrons are the ideal "probes" for exploring the microscopic world. Physics has gone through three major leaps in the past century, from atomic physics to nuclear physics, and then to particle physics. More than 100 years ago, scientists discovered that atoms are composed of nuclei and electrons, and later discovered that nuclei are composed of protons and neutrons. Starting from the 1960s, scientists gradually discovered that the protons and neutrons that make up nuclei are composed of deeper particles - quarks. It should be said that these three major leaps have produced fruitful results. In the process of continuously delving into new levels of material microstructure research, the theory of material structure has made significant breakthroughs and driven major technological inventions, transforming them into enormous productivity. The semiconductors, televisions, mobile phones, computers, lasers, and global positioning systems we currently use are all based on the research achievements of 20th century physics. How to study microstructure? We use a microscope to observe pollen and cells in high school biology class. If you want to see a more refined structure, you can use an electron microscope. To achieve more precision, we need to use what we call the scattering neutron source and synchrotron radiation light source of the supermicroscope. The Spallation Neutron Source, as a super microscope, uses neutrons as probes to observe the microstructure of materials. Neutrons have some characteristics, such as being uncharged but having magnetic moments; Capable of detecting the position of atomic nuclei and detecting the positions of light elements that are not sensitive to synchrotron radiation, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, etc; Penetration ability non