Multiple scientific research projects have been launched in the Arctic Ocean for the first time, focusing on China's 13th Arctic Ocean scientific research. At present, the "Xuelong 2" scientific research icebreaker is on its way back. During this Arctic expedition, an important task of the expedition team was to find suitable sea ice areas as "ice stations" for operations. Establishing a long-term ice station and conducting multiple scientific research projects in the Arctic Ocean for the first time. It is understood that polar icebreakers are classified into multiple levels based on their ability to break ice. The "Snow Dragon 2" is one of the medium-sized icebreakers with the strongest breaking ability, capable of continuously breaking 1.5 meters of ice and 0.2 meters of snow. Further research on the collision between sea ice and ship hulls will help reveal the mechanism of ice load formation during the collision and breaking process of ice breakers. In the future, it will help further optimize the design of polar ocean engineering structures and the design of ice breaking capabilities of ice breakers. The first application of synthetic aperture radar for on-site observation of Arctic sea ice is essential for understanding the Arctic Ocean. This expedition team also conducted on-site observations of Arctic sea ice using synthetic aperture radar for the first time. Zhu Yongtao, a member of China's 13th Arctic Ocean Scientific Expedition Team, said: Our project aims to use five bands of synthetic aperture radar to create an integrated testing platform for microwave remote sensing observation of sea ice. The aim is to identify which band is suitable for observing Arctic sea ice parameters. Synthetic aperture radar is a type of radar that actively emits microwave signals and uses the received reflection information to image ground objects. It is not affected by day and night, and can penetrate clouds and fog. It can be carried on satellites, high-altitude airships, manned or unmanned aerial vehicles, and can observe targets in the sky, ground, and sea surface on a large scale, all day and all weather. It can be widely used in agriculture, forestry, water conservancy, surveying, disaster reduction, and other fields. Zhu Yongtao introduced that after the equipment boarded the ship, it successfully completed the construction, integration, and testing of the "sky sky earth ship" integrated multimodal large-scale comprehensive on-site observation and testing platform. After entering the ice zone, using this platform, raw sea ice radar observation data of 5 and 3 frequency bands with different incidence angles were obtained under ship navigation and airborne mode, respectively. Zhu Yongtao, a member of China's 13th Arctic Ocean Scientific Expedition Team, said: We will finely process these data to form a parameter optimization configuration plan for our Arctic Sea Ice Observation SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar), laying the foundation for the development of our final SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar). Searching for scientific "passwords" in ice cores During the operation of the 13th Arctic Ocean Scientific Expedition ice station in China, many scientific research teams were working on ice cores. Ice cores are cores taken from deep within the ice layer, although they all look the same, they contain many mysteries. Experts introduce that sea ice core collection is one of the most important means for conducting sea ice research at the micro and fine scales, as it fits the distribution and variation characteristics of scientific attributes within sea ice, and has very convenient and simple operability. Lin Long, leader of the Sea Ice Group of the 13th Arctic Ocean Scientific Expedition in China, said that the vertical growth and melting of sea ice is like the annual rings of trees, layer by layer. By observing at different levels, various information distributions and changes in the physical, biological, chemical, and other aspects of sea ice can be obtained