April 8th this year is the 21st National Nose Love Day. Nasal congestion, sneezing, runny nose... These symptoms are often overlooked or mistaken for a cold by patients. Deng Zeyi, director of the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery at the Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, reminds that when clear and watery liquid or accompanied by bloody liquid flows out of the nasal cavity, and when the head is lowered or the force increases, it is necessary to be vigilant. If cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea is found, it should be treated as soon as possible. "For untreated cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, the risk of meningitis is as high as 25%. In the past two months, Ms. Xiao has noticed that there is always clear and watery liquid flowing out of her right nasal cavity, which worsens when she lowers her head. When she first went to a community hospital for treatment, the doctor treated her with "allergic rhinitis" medication for a period of time, but there was no significant improvement. To Ms. Xiao's surprise, the hospital CT results showed that the bone structure of the top wall of the right ethmoid sinus was discontinuous, seemingly communicating with the intracranial area. In addition, fiber nasopharyngoscope shows that there are gray neoplasm in the right middle nasal meatus. The MR results indicate that there is a partial absence of bone in the top wall of the right ethmoid sinus. By detecting nasal secretions, it was found that it was cerebrospinal fluid. Ms. Xiao's illness is meningoencephalocele combined with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, which means intracranial cerebrospinal fluid flows out through the nose, "Deng Zeyi said. After multiple discussions, Deng Zeyi's team has decided to perform endoscopic resection of anterior skull base meningoencephalocele and repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea for Ms. Xiao. After 2 hours, the department team successfully completed the surgery for Ms. Xiao. Postoperative care is also important because although a barrier is established, even slight carelessness can easily cause infection, "Deng Zeyi emphasized. After the surgery, Ms. Xiao rested in a supine position and was unable to get out of bed and move around freely to avoid the recurrence of cerebrospinal fluid leakage. After the care of medical staff in the ear, nose, throat, head and neck surgery, she recovered well and was discharged after two weeks of hospitalization. Why does cerebrospinal fluid leak out? Deng Zeyi explained that cerebrospinal fluid leakage can be divided into traumatic, iatrogenic, and spontaneous based on its etiology. Among them, external injury is the main cause, and spontaneity is relatively rare. Deng Zeyi introduced that surgical treatment is the only way to cure the disease. Although some scholars believe that transsphenoidal meningoencephalocele with cerebrospinal fluid leakage should be treated surgically, those with decreased vision and endocrine disorders do not advocate surgery to avoid injury to the herniated hypothalamus, pituitary, optic nerve, optic chiasm and other important structures. Moreover, traditional surgeries mainly involve craniotomy or a combined nasal cranial approach, which inevitably damages brain tissue and disrupts facial appearance, leading to serious complications such as intracranial injury, intracranial infection, cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, and facial deformities. The failure rate of the surgery is high. However, with the improvement of endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery techniques, endoscopic sinus surgery has gradually become the mainstream trend in the treatment of meningoencephalocele - cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. (New News Agency)