China Aerospace Science and Technology Group released the Blue Book of China Aerospace Science and Technology Activities (2022) (hereinafter referred to as the Blue Book) on January 18. The Blue Book shows that China plans to carry out nearly 70 space launches in 2023, of which the Aerospace Science and Technology Group plans to arrange more than 60 space launches, launch more than 200 spacecraft and carry out a series of major tasks. The mission of the space station is difficult. Ma Tao, deputy director of the Aerospace Department of the Aerospace Science and Technology Group, introduced at the press conference that China's manned space station project has entered the stage of application and development, and the space station has entered the normal operation mode. This year, it will complete one cargo spacecraft, two manned spacecraft launch missions and two return missions. The Chinese space station was in orbit on November 3, 2022 to form a "T" shaped combination. At present, the combination of the Shenzhou 15 manned spacecraft and the Tianzhou 5 cargo spacecraft in orbit is operating normally. This year, the third module of the space station will take "T" as the basic configuration for long-term flight, carry out the continuous exit of astronauts and cargo, support the space science, materials and technology test projects, and carry out the maintenance, repair and technical upgrading of the space station facilities and equipment. Among them, the extravehicular load support under the cascade state of large and small mechanical arms, the installation load of small mechanical arms for the first time, and the simultaneous exit of people and cargo for the first time will be carried out. At the same time, it will carry out tasks such as in-orbit propellant replenishment, electric propulsion test and application, and multiple software upgrades. The on-orbit mission and load support of the space station are difficult throughout the year, and the ground support and development tasks are heavy. The manned spacecraft mission will maintain a high-density, multi-ship parallel development status, and it will become the norm to launch one every six months. According to the plan, Shenzhou 16 and Shenzhou 17 manned spacecraft will be launched this year, and Tianzhou 6 cargo spacecraft will transport living materials, test equipment, resident consumption, etc. The reporter noted that a cargo ship provided supplies for the two crew members, which was different from the "1:1" arrangement between the cargo ship and the manned spacecraft in the previous space station mission. Jing Zheng, deputy commander in chief of the space station system of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, said that on the one hand, the Tianzhou-6 cargo ship was an improved one, which expanded the volume of the capsule and increased the cargo transport capacity; On the other hand, the efficiency of the regeneration and utilization of the space station is also improving. For example, the oxygen production capacity can basically achieve self-sufficiency, and the water recycling rate has also increased to more than 90%. The amount of gas and water needed to be transported from the ground has decreased. Therefore, properly reducing the launch frequency of the improved cargo spacecraft can still meet the needs of space station operation, equipment maintenance, and astronauts' work and life. The development of heavy launch vehicles in China has always been concerned. Gu Mingkun, deputy director of the General Office of the General Design Department of the First Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, revealed at the meeting that the overall scheme of the heavy rocket serialization configuration has been clarified, and the scheme demonstration of the launch site measurement and control system has also been carried out simultaneously. At present, the conditions for project approval have been met. The project approval and application will be carried out later. The heavy rocket mission covers a wide range of applications and is the basic guarantee for the construction of lunar scientific research stations, the development and utilization of lunar resources, the construction of Mars scientific research stations, manned Mars exploration and other large-scale deep space exploration activities. The basic type of China's heavy rocket is a three-stage series configuration