A complete water resource utilization system and orderly arrangement of building site groups... Recently, the Henan Second Task Force of the Archaeological Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (the Yanshi Shangcheng Archaeological Team) made a number of important new discoveries in the archaeological excavation of the Yanshi Shangcheng Site, providing more physical basis for further understanding the water resource utilization status of the Yanshi Shangcheng and the overall layout of the city site, The in-depth study of Xia and Shang culture and the expansion of the Project of Exploring the Origin of Chinese Civilization are of great significance, and also provide a solid academic support for the upcoming environmental renovation project of the Yanshi Shang City site and the construction of the site park. It is reported that the existing area of Yanshi Shangcheng site is about 2.05 million square meters. Since its discovery in 1983, it has successively discovered multiple defense facilities such as palace city, small city and big city, and found more than 10 large palace building sites, sacrificial relics and pool garden relics in the palace city. At the same time, many handicraft workshops, warehouses and storage areas were found in the city. The survey, excavation and research results show that it was an important city site with the characteristics of a capital in the early Shang Dynasty. In 2021, the site was selected as one of China's "One Hundred Archaeological Discoveries in a Century" and included in the list of 150 major sites protection projects during the "Fourteenth Five Year Plan" by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage. "According to the exploration and excavation data of the water system of Yanshi Shangcheng in recent years, Yanshi Shangcheng has a complete water resource utilization system and water conservancy facilities." Chen Guoliang, the leader of the Yanshi Shangcheng Archaeological Team of the Archaeological Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that since 2020, the team has continued to explore the water system remains of the Yanshi Shangcheng site, and has successively discovered the drainage system on the east side of the palace area and the ancient river outside the west wall. In the spring of 2021, the team found and confirmed the "one" shaped waterway running through the east and west of the site and the new west gate of the city; In winter, the important node of the inverted "several" shaped waterway and the east gate of the town were excavated. Since this year, the staff have continued to explore the west of the small city and the west wall of the big city of Yanshi Mall, and expanded the excavation of the starting point at the west end of the inverted "several" shaped waterway and the western turning point, all of which have yielded important results. "This is the starting point of the late waterway." In the western excavation area of Yanshi Shangcheng Site, Chen Guoliang said that the staff found the junction of the late waterway and the ancient river here, which should be the diversion end of the waterway. The headrace channel is generally of stone structure and groove shape. The stones are bonded with cinnamon soil. Most sections are open channels. In the south of the intersection of the ancient river channel and the waterway, there are many scattered stones left at the bottom of the river channel, which vary in size and are not regular. "At present, the specific use of the stones cannot be determined accurately. It is preliminarily speculated that they may be formed after the collapse of the weir dam." Chen Guoliang said. In the autumn of 2021, at the northwest turn of the late waterway, the staff found that the corner of the waterway was circular arc, slightly different from the east turn previously found. In order to further explore its causes, this spring, the staff further expanded the excavation area, and confirmed that the waterway contains early and late stages. Among them, the corners of the early section watercourses turn at right angles, while those with arc shaped corners belong to the late section watercourses, which are formed by manual diversion after the early section watercourses are abandoned. "These findings will help us