A neuroscience study published by Nature in the UK found that brain like tissue derived from human stem cells can integrate with the brain of newborn rats and also affect their behavior. The research results may improve people's ability to build practical models of human neuropsychiatric diseases. Brain like organs cultured with human stem cells are a potential platform to simulate human development and disease. However, the organs like organs growing in vitro lack various connections in real organisms, which will limit the maturity of organs like organs and make them unable to integrate with other neural circuits controlling behavior, thus affecting the ability of organs like organs to simulate neuropsychiatric diseases with genetic complexity and behavioral characteristics. Previous studies have attempted to implant human brain like organs into the brains of adult rats, but these cells cannot fully mature after implantation. Stanford University research team this time implanted human brain like organs into the somatosensory cortex of the brain of newborn rats. The somatosensory cortex is the brain area responsible for receiving and processing sensory information from the whole body, including touch. They found that this kind of organ can be mature, partially integrated with the neural circuit, and functional in the rat brain. This integration allows researchers to establish a relationship between human cell activity and animal learning behavior, proving that implanted neurons can regulate the neuronal activity of rats and induce reward seeking behavior. In addition, when the researchers rotated the beard of rats, a group of neurons in this type of organ showed signs of activity, indicating that the implanted neurons could respond to sensory stimuli. They also found that when cells from three patients with Timothy's syndrome (a serious genetic disease related to heart problems) were implanted, specific neuronal defects would be highlighted, indicating that this implantation technology could reveal previously unknown disease characteristics. The research team said that this technology may be a powerful resource to supplement laboratory research on human brain development and disease. Further research is expected to enable people to use the cells from patients to uncover the characteristics of diseases that have never been understood. [Editor in chief] The most noteworthy thing about this earth shaking "combination of human and mouse brains" is that the team observed that when they stimulate such brain organs, they can train rats in reward related behaviors, such as licking water, while rats that have not received transplantation will not have similar reactions. This shows that human brain like organs have participated in the "learning" of rats, and human brain like organs have formed suitable and mature tissues in its host. This achievement not only pushes the research of organ like organs to a new height, but also means that a more realistic disease research system is coming to mankind. (Outlook New Times)