How to make innovation an inexhaustible driving force for a country's prosperity is a topic of the times that must be answered. Only by fully respecting the laws of scientific research, giving researchers greater autonomy in people and property, and letting them open their hands and feet and explore freely, can we stimulate the innovation vitality of scientific and technological personnel to the greatest extent and create more new knowledge, new technology and new inventions. As a creative intellectual activity of human beings, scientific and technological innovation has its own law. Only by fully respecting the laws of scientific research, giving researchers greater autonomy in people and property, and letting them open their hands and feet and explore freely, can we stimulate the innovation vitality of scientific and technological personnel to the greatest extent and create more new knowledge, new technology and new inventions. "Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have attached great importance to expanding scientific research autonomy, removed obstacles and broken barriers, successively issued a series of policies to expand scientific research autonomy, continuously empowered scientific research institutions and researchers, and tried to break the 'rules' that restrict scientific and technological innovation." Xiao Youdan, a researcher at the Academy of science and technology strategy consulting and research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said. The State Council printed and distributed the notice on several measures to optimize scientific research management and improve scientific research performance, expanding the independent control of human and financial resources of scientific researchers and "reducing the burden and deregulation" for scientific research work; Several opinions on expanding the scientific research related autonomy of colleges and universities and scientific research institutes were issued to support colleges and universities and scientific research institutes to exercise scientific research related autonomy according to law and regulations, comprehensively enhance innovation vitality, improve innovation performance and increase the supply of scientific and technological achievements Xiao Youdan told Science and Technology Daily that these reform measures come down in one continuous line, continuously releasing the expectation of expanding scientific research autonomy, reducing the transactional burden of researchers, mobilizing the innovation enthusiasm of researchers, and enabling researchers to devote more time and energy to scientific research work. Reduce burden and delegate power "policy red envelope" ignites innovation enthusiasm The wheel of time is indomitable, but there are always moments destined to become eternity. In 2013, the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee sounded the clarion call for comprehensively deepening reform and clearly required to deepen the reform of the science and technology system. Giving more autonomy to scientific research institutions and researchers is one of the main lines of deepening the reform of China's scientific and technological system in recent years. Focusing on the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform, the Party Central Committee and the State Council have continuously strengthened the simplification of administration and decentralization in scientific research related fields. 2014 is the year of deepening reform and expanding autonomy in scientific research. This year, the State Council issued several opinions on improving and strengthening the management of scientific research projects and funds of the central government, which endows units with certain autonomy in five aspects: project budget adjustment, labor cost management, indirect cost management and the use of surplus funds. In 2015, the National People's Congress revised the law of the people's Republic of China on promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements; In 2016, the State Council issued several provisions on the implementation of the law of the people's Republic of China on promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, which systematically and clearly liberalized the scientific research autonomy related to the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. "The newly revised law of the people's Republic of China on promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements" Clearly guarantee the autonomy of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and the autonomy of the benefits of the transformation of achievements. Scientific research institutions have the right to independently decide whether or not to transform achievements, how to transform achievements, and whether or not the transformation of achievements should be approved by superior departments; More importantly, scientific research institutions not only have the right to transform scientific and technological achievements, but also the benefits of transformation are clearly owned by the law. " Xiao Youdan, who majored in law, has always paid great attention to the relevant legislative work in the field of scientific research. In Xiao Youdan's view, the autonomy of scientific and technological achievements transformation is an important part of scientific research autonomy. Legislation to ensure the autonomy of scientific and technological achievements transformation is an important part of ensuring scientific research autonomy. In 2016, the central office and the State Council Office issued several opinions on further improving the fund management and other policies of the central government's scientific research projects, requiring the decentralization of budget adjustment authority and the implementation of the project fund pre allocation system before the departmental budget approval. Expand the reform of scientific research autonomy, climb mountains after mountains, and speed up the whip without getting off the saddle. In July 2018, the notice on several measures to optimize scientific research management and improve scientific research performance issued by the State Council further proposed to establish and improve the scientific research management mechanism based on trust, and give scientific researchers greater autonomy of human and property in accordance with the requirements of being able to release; Since 2019, the "lump sum system" has been implemented in the Approved National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars, giving the project leader more freedom. "These 'policy red envelopes' for reducing the burden and delegating power to scientific researchers have improved the efficiency of scientific research, stimulated the vitality of talents and ignited the passion for innovation!" Chen Xuelei, a researcher at the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, wholeheartedly praised the reform of autonomy. According to Xiao Youdan, since the 18th CPC National Congress, the reform of scientific research autonomy has the characteristics of "two pronged approach". While giving more rights to scientific research institutions, scientific research management departments are also constantly promoting the transformation of scientific and technological management functions, simplifying procedures and processes in accordance with the positioning of grasping strategy, reform, planning and service. Untie the funds and do not let the shackles of "spending money" disturb innovation "Scientific and technological innovation is essentially a human creative activity, which is inseparable from the free exploration of scientific researchers. Therefore, it is particularly crucial to promote scientific and technological innovation and expand scientific research autonomy." Yan Huaizhi, director of the Institute of network attack and defense countermeasure technology, School of computer science, Beijing University of technology, pointed out. However, without the autonomy of the use of funds, it is difficult to implement the autonomy of scientific research. In order to make funds serve people's creative activities and let scientific researchers bid farewell to the "trouble of funds", the state has continuously deepened the reform of "release, management and service" in the field of scientific research projects and funds of the central government in recent years. In August 2021, the state again "loosened" the use of scientific research funds. The general office of the State Council issued several opinions on reforming and improving the management of scientific research funds of the central government, and put forward 25 measures from seven aspects: expanding the autonomy of scientific research project fund management, improving the allocation mechanism of scientific research project funds and increasing the incentive of scientific researchers, so as to delegate power to innovation and give scientific researchers greater autonomy in fund management. The "several opinions on reforming and improving the management of scientific research funds of the central government" has made drastic efforts to break the provisions on the management of funds that do not conform to the law of scientific research. As soon as the document was released, it attracted extensive attention from the scientific and technological circles and the whole society. "This is the fourth time since 2014 that the State Council has made a special deployment for the reform of the management of scientific research funds of the central government, which reflects the basic, key and overall position of the management system of financial scientific research funds in the current comprehensive deepening of the reform of the scientific and technological system." Xiao Youdan said that this shows the country's firm determination to reform the scientific research fund management system and optimize the scientific research management system, as well as the determination and patience to work for a long time. Xiao Youdan said that these reform measures have further stabilized the long-term expectation of researchers to devote themselves to basic research and key technology research, and consolidated the institutional foundation of stability guarantee for ensuring basic research and promoting the basic reform of scientific research management. Different from engineering construction activities, scientific research activities can not be fully planned at the beginning. Changes are common in the specific research process. However, in the past, the project fund management system required a detailed budget. For example, several meetings and several batches of experimental activities in the next three years should be clearly stated in the budget. The researchers privately roast: "it takes a lot of effort to piece together this number. I feel like I am not a scientist, but a financial person." "The new fund management method is more flexible than before, giving researchers greater autonomy in the use of funds, which is in line with the law of scientific research activities and is a good thing of 'loosening ties'." Lu Fangjun, deputy director of the Institute of high energy physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, praised the expansion of autonomy in the use of scientific research funds. "The implementation cycle of some scientific research projects is relatively long, which may take more than five years. It is unrealistic to plan which equipment to buy before the project starts. The simplified budgeting mentioned in this reform will bring convenience to our actual scientific research." Lu Fangjun further pointed out. Yan Huaizhi is also a beneficiary of the reform of autonomy in the management of scientific research funds. Taking the national key R & D program he undertook as an example, he introduced the sense of gain brought by the reform. "Our research group was very lucky. During the implementation of the project, the state simplified project management in terms of financial reimbursement and audit, procurement of scientific research instruments and equipment, acceptance and conclusion, and issued a" package package "for reducing the burden and delegating authority. It is these measures that freed the project team from the complex and cumbersome work such as filling in forms and running for approval, put the main energy into research, let the scientific researchers return to and focus on the scientific research itself, and effectively promoted the scientific research Progress of the subject. " Yan Huaizhi said. At the same time, Lu Fangjun also stressed that while giving scientific research institutions autonomy, the government management departments should also explore the accountability mechanism, comprehensively evaluate the overall fund use efficiency, standardization and scientific research integrity of research institutions, and then decide whether to continue the fund autonomy of research institutions according to the evaluation results. Implementing the autonomy of legal persons and stimulating the internal vitality of scientific research institutions With the deepening of scientific and technological innovation, many researchers reflect that the scientific research related autonomy of universities and scientific research institutes is becoming more and more difficult to meet the needs of practical development. The problem is not only the orientation of work, but also the breakthrough of reform. No matter how hard the "hard bone" of reform is, it must be "gnawed" down. On July 30, 2019, the Ministry of science and technology and other six departments jointly issued several opinions on expanding the scientific research related autonomy of colleges and universities and scientific research institutes (hereinafter referred to as "several opinions"). This is an important document that responds to the voice of scientific researchers, points out the direction and establishes new ones. In view of some prominent problems existing in expanding the autonomy of colleges and universities and scientific research institutes, the "several opinions" put forward grounded and feasible operation methods and solutions, making the expansion of scientific research autonomy of colleges and universities and scientific research institutes more regulated. Universities and scientific research institutes are the main force engaged in exploratory and creative scientific research activities. "To achieve self-reliance and self-reliance in high-level science and technology, we first need the self-reliance and self-reliance of national scientific research institutions and research universities. The key is to expand the autonomy of colleges and universities and scientific research institutes so that they can truly play the role of the main force of basic research." Jia Baoyu, deputy director of the party masses work department of the scientific and technological innovation and development center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said. Several opinions clearly improve the management of the articles of association. In accordance with the reform spirit of the central government and the principle of separating government affairs and management from administration, the competent departments should organize their affiliated universities to improve the articles of association, promote scientific research institutes to formulate articles of association, and scientifically determine the functional orientation and rights and responsibilities boundaries of different types of units. Universities and scientific research institutes should carry out scientific research activities in accordance with the functions and business scope stipulated in the articles of association, improve the internal governance structure and establish an efficient operation and management mechanism. The competent department shall not interfere in the affairs of colleges and universities and scientific research institutes with the management authority granted by the articles of association. "Generally speaking, scientific research institutions should act in accordance with the articles of association, take the articles of association as the basic basis for the management and operation of scientific research institutions, and avoid writing the articles of association in