The reporter learned from the Ministry of education on the 14th that the Ministry of education, the Ministry of Finance and the national development and Reform Commission recently issued several opinions on further promoting the construction of world-class universities and first-class disciplines, and announced the list of universities and disciplines under the second round of "double first-class" construction, with a total of 147 universities. How to identify the second round of university construction and discipline construction? The second round of construction list does not distinguish between first-class universities and first-class discipline universities. What are the considerations? Why is there no construction discipline of Peking University and Tsinghua University in the published list? Relevant persons in charge of the Ministry of education and relevant experts and scholars responded and interpreted the relevant situation. How to identify the second round of university construction and discipline construction? It is reported that the first round of "double first-class" construction was launched in 2016 and ended in 2020. All work has been vigorously promoted and the reform and development has achieved remarkable results. However, there are still some problems, such as insufficient supply capacity of high-level innovative talents, inaccurate service to the national strategic demand, and urgent optimization of resource allocation. "We should not only fully recognize the phased achievements made in the first round of construction, but also fully realize that the progress and achievements of the 'double first-class' construction do not match China's comprehensive national strength and international status, and there is still a big gap compared with the diversified demand for talents in economic and social development." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education said, "in the second round of construction, we should accurately grasp the strategic positioning of the new development stage and strive to solve the outstanding problems still existing in the construction of 'double first-class'." In the identification of the second round of construction universities and disciplines, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of education introduced that according to the actual results of the first round of construction and the opinions of all parties, the identification principle of "overall stability, optimization and adjustment" was determined after expert consultation. "The first is not to make large-scale adjustment; the second is the layout adjustment under the guidance of demand; the third is to encourage the construction of colleges and universities to actively meet the demand and optimize the caliber of discipline construction." According to the published list, among the construction disciplines, there are 59 basic disciplines such as mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology, 180 engineering disciplines and 92 philosophy and social sciences disciplines. "Although the number of universities and disciplines under construction in the new cycle has increased slightly, they are still a small part of China's huge University and discipline system. Although their number is small, they are full of richness, diversity and internal growth, as well as leading the deepening reform and development of the whole higher education system." Said Shi Jinghuan, a professor at the Institute of education of Tsinghua University. Why not distinguish between first-class university construction universities and first-class discipline construction universities? Compared with the first round, a major change in the second round of construction list is that it does not distinguish between first-class university construction universities and first-class discipline construction universities. In this regard, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education said that from the perspective of the first round of construction, some construction universities do not have a good understanding of the "double first-class" construction and adhere to characteristic development and differentiated development. They still pursue the "first-class university construction university" and "first-class discipline construction university" as their identity and level, and there is an impulse to expand the scale and pursue upgrading. "In the new stage of 'double first-class' construction, we should adhere to the discipline as the basis, dilute the color of identity, explore a new development model with independent characteristics, and guide colleges and universities to create first-class in their distinctive advantageous fields and directions." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education said, "The second round of construction list will no longer distinguish between first-class universities and first-class discipline construction universities. It will explore the establishment of classified development, classified support and classified evaluation construction system as one of the key points, guide the construction of universities to focus their energy and focus on the innovation and substantive breakthrough in relevant fields and directions, and create a real world-class." What are the main considerations for giving some colleges and universities autonomy in construction? According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of education, one of the reform tasks of the "opinions on further promoting the construction of world-class universities and first-class disciplines" is to expand the autonomy of construction, promote the downward shift of the focus of construction management, strengthen the subject consciousness and innovation power of university construction, and create a policy and institutional environment for several universities to rush into the forefront of the world. From the second round of "double first-class" construction of colleges and universities and the list of construction disciplines, the disciplines independently constructed by Peking University and Tsinghua University are published by themselves. In this regard, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education said that the main considerations of decentralization are: first, the discipline construction of the two universities can not be confined to the primary disciplines, and the construction quantity can be determined and optimized independently on the existing basis; The second is to implement the target management of the two schools, match the rights and responsibilities, strengthen the full implementation of Building Morality and cultivating people, closely follow the field direction urgently needed by the national strategy, and clarify the world-class phased echelon goals, landmark achievements and time nodes; Third, the two universities should establish a self-evaluation system, internal restraint mechanism and governance system suitable for connotation construction and long-term development. "To expand the autonomy of discipline construction in some colleges and universities, the focus is to promote the optimization of university construction system and the reform of internal governance system by classification. The goal is to speed up the construction of high-level research universities, create the first array of self-reliance and self-improvement strategic scientific and technological talents, and stimulate original innovation and breakthroughs in key fields." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education said, "expanding the autonomy of discipline construction is essentially to press the task and bear the responsibility, so as to better stimulate the construction vitality of colleges and universities, rather than layering or labeling colleges and universities. In the follow-up construction, the three ministries and commissions will successively select the construction colleges and universities with distinctive characteristics and comprehensive advantages, and give certain authority to independently build disciplines." (Xinhua News Agency)