Recently, the Ministry of Education issued the "Opinions of the Ministry of Education on Implementing the National Excellent Primary and Secondary School Teacher Training Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"). The Opinion proposes that starting from 2023, the government will support high-level universities represented by the "Double First Class" construction to select students with excellent professional performance and suitable for education as "National Excellent Plan" graduate students. While strengthening the learning of subject and professional courses, the system will learn teacher education module courses (including participating in educational practice), providing a group of excellent teachers with deep educational sentiments, excellent professional literacy, and solid teaching basic skills for primary and secondary schools. Supporting high-level universities to carry out teacher education is conducive to promoting the openness of teacher education. Breaking the tradition of teachers being solely trained by normal universities and achieving openness in teacher education is a global trend. Carrying out teacher education in high-level comprehensive universities has been a consistent advocacy in China for many years, but due to various reasons, the number of universities that have responded substantively is limited. The "National Excellent Program" vigorously supports the development of teacher education in "Double First Class" high-level universities through national major plans. The first batch of 30 pilot universities includes top high-level comprehensive universities such as Peking University, Tsinghua University, Fudan University, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University. High level universities will collectively participate in teacher education, and it will become the norm for top comprehensive university graduates to move towards teaching positions. The status and reputation of teachers are expected to further improve. Supporting the award of dual master's degrees is conducive to promoting the comprehensive improvement of teacher training quality. This "National Excellent Program" explicitly supports graduate students to pursue a master's degree in education on the basis of their first degree, and to obtain a dual master's degree upon graduation, which is an important innovation in teacher education. How to solve the contradiction between teacher education and professionalism within a limited time is one of the fundamental challenges that plague teacher education. According to the design of the "National Excellent Program", graduate students will possess excellent professional literacy through the cultivation of their first degree. At the same time, through the cultivation of their second master's degree in education, they will systematically study teacher education module courses, complete educational internships and practical training, and have solid educational and teaching foundation skills, effectively achieving a balance between teacher education and professionalism. Support "secondary selection" among graduate students, effectively improving the quality of teacher training students. The quality of student resources is one of the key factors affecting the quality of teacher training. If we can effectively select normal students who love the education industry, are excellent in morality, knowledge, abilities, and other aspects, and are suitable for the teaching profession, it will make teacher training work twice the result with half the effort. Unlike public funded normal school students who support the selection of normal school students in the college entrance examination, the "National Excellent Program" has two selection methods: one is the promotion selection during the undergraduate stage, and the other is the secondary selection for graduate students. The selection targets for both are relatively mature undergraduate and graduate students, who have a clearer understanding of their knowledge, ability advantages, and career interests, which can more effectively select true music education candidates. Supporting breakthroughs in the focus of science teacher training is beneficial for addressing the shortcomings of the teaching team. China's teacher education system is vast, with over 700 universities offering teacher training programs. However, there is a significant shortage of high-level teacher training at the graduate level, especially for high-level science teachers. This is in line with a higher level of scientific research strength and good research training