Recently, a song "the lone brave" became popular. This song, originally positioned as a popular song, has become a nursery rhyme due to the singing of primary school students. Yang Jing (a pseudonym), a parent from Beijing, heard this song for the first time when she was in the second grade of primary school. After careful questioning, she learned that her daughter probably learned this song through Internet channels she did not master in places such as "Tiktok on Grandma's mobile phone" and "Internet TV in extracurricular classes". "I realized that my children and I may not be in the same online world." Yang Jing said. "Later, I chatted with my friends about the popularity of this song. A middle school student's mother told me that this song was' despised 'among middle school students because' this is what primary school students listen to '." "It turns out that not only do I and my children have different online worlds, but children of different ages also have different online worlds." Yang Jing said helplessly. According to the 2020 National Research Report on minors' Internet use released in 2021, China's minors' Internet users reached 183million in 2020, with an Internet penetration rate of 94.9%, an increase of 1.8 percentage points over 2019, higher than the national Internet penetration rate of 70.4%. The proportion of primary school students using the Internet for the first time in preschool reaches 33.7%, and is increasing year by year. It can be seen that how teenagers use the Internet correctly and how parents, schools and society manage and guide teenagers to surf the Internet should become a practical problem that all sectors of society need to pay attention to and solve. Teenagers are "occupying" the network Not long ago, affected by the COVID-19, primary and secondary schools in some places switched from offline to online teaching. Whenever a city issues a school related notice, it will cause netizens to roast and discuss whether to return to school. When the city informed the resumption of classes offline, Zhang Qing (a pseudonym) couldn't help but feel on the Internet: "great, finally wait until the day of returning to school." Zhang Qing's children are in the first grade of primary school. Some time ago, their children were at home, which "added a lot of pressure" to Zhang Qing's dual working family. Now they can finally go back to school. After sending this network news, Zhang Qing chatted with some "like-minded" netizens on the network for a long time. Suddenly, the message pushed to her by the network platform gradually became "seeking reversal", "is it possible not to return to school", "do not want to return to school" "I think it's strange that any parents don't want to go back to school?" Click in and have a look. Zhang Qing understands that these posts that do not want to return to school are all sent by primary and middle school students themselves. As soon as they heard the news of returning to school, they were used to living at home and worried about the pressure of study and examination. They hugged and roast on the Internet. "In the past, I took it for granted that everyone on the Internet was an adult. As a result, I found that so many 'friends' and' sisters' on the Internet were children." Zhang Qing said. In addition, according to the Youth Blue Book: report on the use of the Internet by minors in China (2020), the Internet penetration rate of minors in China has reached 99.2%, which is far higher than the overall Internet penetration rate of 64.5% in China. The age of minors' first contact with the Internet continues to decline, and the proportion of people aged 10 and below who start to contact the Internet has reached 78%. The Internet has had a wide and profound impact on minors in entertainment, learning, social networking and other aspects. It has become a recognized fact that this generation of teenagers are Internet aborigines. However, how to face, guide, manage and protect such a huge group has become an important topic of concern for many experts and scholars in the education, legal, Internet fields. On July 9-10, at the first youth Internet Conference held by Beijing Normal University, as the father of a 6-year-old child, Zhang Bin, a senior researcher at Tencent wechat Strategy Research Institute, lamented that whenever he saw children skillfully fiddling with mobile phones or tablets, looking for online content they wanted to see, or opening apps with their parents' mobile phones and skillfully making video calls with their families, I deeply feel what digital aborigines are. "This is different from when we were young. Nowadays, children's life is inseparable from digital chemistry. I believe that with the current speed of technological development, their future degree of digitization should be unimaginable today." Zhang Bin said. Li Weihong, former Vice Minister of the Ministry of education and director of the relevant working committee of the Ministry of education, said at the meeting that for "Aboriginal" teenagers in the digital age, while they enjoy all the benefits brought by the digital age, the resource rich and rapidly changing digital world also poses many challenges to teenagers. "To comply with the requirements of the development of the digital age, it is particularly urgent and important to strengthen teenagers' network literacy education, especially scientific and technological innovation education." Current situation of teenagers' Network Literacy: high cognitive behavior ability and low impression management ability As an important part of the current netizens, how about teenagers' network literacy? Recently, the 2022 teenagers' network literacy survey report released by the minors' network literacy research center of the school of Journalism and communication of Beijing Normal University shows that the overall average score of teenagers' network literacy is 3.56 points (out of 5 points), slightly higher than the passing line, which needs to be further improved. The score of network value cognition and behavior ability is the highest (3.93 points), and the score of network impression management ability is the lowest (3.03 points). Specifically, girls perform relatively well in the dimensions of online attention management ability, network value cognition and behavior ability. Boys perform relatively well in the ability of searching and using network information. With the increase of grade, the level of network literacy of junior high school students and senior high school students increases respectively, but the level of senior high school students is the lowest. The online attention management ability, network value cognition and behavior ability literacy decrease with the increase of grade, and the network impression management ability literacy increases with the increase of grade. It is worth noting that the report shows that teenagers who spend an average of 1-3 hours online every day have the highest level of Internet literacy. With the increase of online hours every day, the level of teenagers' network literacy gradually decreases, the online attention management ability, network value cognition and behavior ability literacy decrease with the increase of grade, and the network impression management ability literacy increases with the increase of grade. In this regard, fangzengquan, Secretary of the Party committee of the school of Journalism and communication of Beijing Normal University, pointed out, "Empowerment, empowerment and righteousness are the core concepts of teenagers' network literacy education. Empowerment is to actively but not passively carry out network protection; empowerment, network literacy education is a kind of ability building education, so that the network can really be used by teenagers; empowerment is to carry out network literacy education in a deeper value and significance, so that the education of socialist core values can be implemented in detail." When the network has become an inseparable part of teenagers' daily life, what kind of network literacy should they have? "When we were talking about the Z era, our children were born after 2010‘ α In this era of intelligence, children are exploring the online world as soon as they are born. " Said Dong Yan, vice president of the Academy of science and education of Beijing Normal University. Dong Yan believes that primary school students should have four network literacy from the third grade. "The first is to have a sensitive, sensitive and correct information awareness; the second is to calculate thinking, and don't panic first when encountering problems; the third is the ability of digital learning and innovation; the fourth is to have the responsibility of the information society." "Facing the future, every teenager will face three worlds: one is the real and objective external environment; the second is the constantly enriching Internet world, which is the world of virtual symbols, but I hope it represents the internal knowledge system, internal belief system and internal relationship system between you and others built by every child through Internet interaction; the third world is the child's mental world, which is We need to care more. Therefore, we need to make children grow up healthier, more powerful, more discriminating and warmer, so that they can shine and shine in the future society. " Dong Yan said. Teenagers' online behavior management is not just as simple as "receiving mobile phones" Now, there is a scene that is very common: children aged two or three can already dial their mobile phones and tablets to find the cartoons they want to watch, while their grandparents can't start with smart products. It is not easy for the older generation of online "immigrants" to let these "aborigines" who naturally infiltrate the online world learn to use the Internet, understand the Internet correctly, and protect themselves in the Internet. Zhao Hongzhi, Deputy Secretary General of the China Network Security Association, said that with the development of the digital age, teenagers who first touch the Internet are getting younger and younger. Cyberspace is an extension of reality. In reality, a large number of bad behaviors against teenagers' legitimate rights and interests are transferred to the virtual network world. Network illegal behaviors and even criminal behaviors targeting urban teenagers are showing greater harm than real violence. "In recent years, teenagers have suffered from telecommunications fraud, adverse information impact, personal privacy disclosure, Internet addiction and other incidents from time to time. From the endless stream of typical events, the infringement of teenagers' rights and interests has expanded to cyberspace, with far-reaching implications." Zhao Hongzhi believes that although China's network security protection capacity continues to improve, there are still many gaps in youth network protection. Most of the regulatory objects are targeted at the Internet industry, and the responsibilities and norms of families, schools, society and other subjects are not clear. The self-regulation of the Internet industry is still in the exploratory stage, and most of them are crisis public relations actions taken under the pressure of the media and the public, Failed to form unified, effective and long-term sustainable industry standards and norms. In recent years, both the introduction of relevant policies and regulations, as well as the normative measures such as youth online account management and youth mode carried out by major network platforms, have standardized and protected teenagers' network behavior and network security to a certain extent. However, standardizing teenagers' online behavior and preventing teenagers' healthy growth from being infringed are not as simple as technical restrictions such as "receiving mobile phones" and "card time". In addition to protection and standardization, teenagers also need to establish a comprehensive network literacy through guidance and education. For parents and schools, it is more important to teach children to distinguish between "fragrant flowers" and "poisonous weeds" in the complex online world. "How to guide and educate teenagers may be more important than protection. The root of bad style is consciousness, and solving the problem of consciousness must rely on education." Li Guojie, academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering and computer expert, said. Li Guojie said that many countries are studying content filtering technology, including the Institute of computing, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other institutions are also studying content filtering technology, which is becoming more and more advanced. However, no matter how advanced the content filtering technology is, it cannot replace the ability training of teenagers to distinguish between "fragrant flowers" and "poisonous weeds". "Questioning and criticizing are the essence of the scientific spirit, so we should pay attention to cultivating and improving minors' ability to obtain, analyze, judge, choose and apply information, and let them gradually develop the ability to judge the authenticity and good and bad of information, so as to fundamentally prevent minors from being infringed by bad information on the Internet." Li Guojie said. (reporter yeyuting) (outlook new era)