This medium - and long-term development strategy guideline based on scientific demonstration and based on China's actual national conditions reflects China's role as a major country actively responding to global climate change. To achieve the "double carbon" goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization is an inevitable choice for China to strive to solve the outstanding problems of resource and environmental constraints and achieve the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. It is also an inevitable requirement for building a community with a shared future for mankind. During the "fourteenth five year plan" period, China has entered a key stage of achieving the improvement of ecological environment quality from quantitative change to qualitative change. This is a key five-year period for China to win the battle of pollution prevention and control in an all-round way and achieve the sustainable improvement of ecological environment quality. It is also a window period and a deep-water period to help China achieve the carbon peak in 2030 and carbon neutralization in 2060. Promoting the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction has become an important starting point for achieving win-win results in environmental governance and climate mitigation, and then promoting the green and sustainable transformation of the whole society and the construction of a beautiful low-carbon China. Synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, synergy is the foundation Air pollutants have high homology with carbon dioxide. In 2020, the Ministry of ecological environment, the National Bureau of statistics and the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas jointly issued the second national census of pollution sources. In 2017, China's annual emissions of major air pollutants were 6.9632 million tons of sulfur dioxide, 17.8522 million tons of nitrogen oxides, 16.8405 million tons of particulate matter and 10.1745 million tons of volatile organic compounds in some industries and fields. From the perspective of specific pollutant emission sources and production processes, industrial sources account for the highest proportion of all kinds of pollutants. Pollutants mainly come from the heating, smelting, forging and other processes involving energy combustion, as well as the thermal power generation process involving the combustion of coal, natural gas and other fuels; The air pollutants produced by mobile sources come from the combustion of fossil fuels such as gasoline, diesel and natural gas used in the operation of transportation vehicles; Air pollutants from domestic sources mainly come from the combustion of coal, oil products and natural gas in cooking, heating and other activities. It can be seen that the energy production and consumption process caused by human activities is the main emission source of air pollutants. Energy production and consumption process is also the main source of greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide. In addition, there is a high degree of homogeneity between air pollutant emissions and greenhouse gas emissions in both the time dimension and the space dimension. There is a high degree of consistency between air pollutant governance and greenhouse gas governance in the design of collaborative management and control ideas, the selection of collaborative management and control methods, the formulation of collaborative management and control schemes and the evaluation of collaborative management and control effects. Therefore, on the basis of a deep understanding of the theoretical connotation of synergetics, it is necessary to accurately grasp the relationship of mutual cooperation, mutual influence and mutual restriction between the two subsystems of "pollution reduction" and "carbon reduction", so as to achieve the goal synergy, regional synergy, path synergy and policy synergy of the two subsystems. Among them, the goal synergy is to integrate the goal of reducing pollutant emissions with the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, so as to achieve the organic unity of the "double carbon" goal and the goal of building a beautiful China; Regional synergy means to strengthen the joint prevention and control of regional pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions by means of emission trading and carbon emission trading, and to carry out overall management in different areas according to the intensity and total amount of emissions; Path synergy is to coordinate the financial path, industrial path and ecological path of pollutant and greenhouse gas emission reduction, and study and judge the synergistic emission reduction effect under the comprehensive scenarios of industrial transfer, industrial energy structure adjustment, land scale change and land space greening; Policy synergy is to pay attention to the consistency and effectiveness of policies, break through the control barriers of pollutant control and greenhouse gas emission control, and establish a sound coordinated system and mechanism for reducing pollution and carbon. Synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and synergy is the key If the synergy effect is well played, the functions of internal subsystems can be strengthened and the overall functionality of the system can be better played. But at the same time, how to couple the two main ecological environment governance strategies of "pollution reduction" and "carbon reduction" to produce the effect of "1+1 > 2" is worth further thinking. First of all, we should strengthen the top-level design and build a mechanism for reducing pollution and carbon. As a kind of binding emissions, greenhouse gases will be gradually incorporated into the existing ecological environment protection system to achieve the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction; Formulate and improve relevant guidelines related to carbon emissions, standardize and guide carbon emission monitoring, assessment, accounting and verification, and integrate them with existing air quality standards, green products and cleaner production technology standards, fossil fuel mining and consumption standards to form a standard system for greenhouse gas emission control; Strengthen the joint supervision and law enforcement of pollutant emission and carbon emission, incorporate the carbon emission control task into the environmental protection supervision work, form the performance evaluation standards related to pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and urge departments at all levels to strengthen the coordinated control of pollutants and carbon emission. Second, we should closely follow the lead of "energy consumption control" and strengthen the dual control of the total amount and intensity of energy consumption. Optimize the energy consumption structure, develop green renewable energy, increase the proportion of non fossil energy, reasonably control the consumption of traditional fossil fuels, especially the proportion of coal, and promote the substitution of electricity for coal and electricity for oil; Optimize the industrial structure, promote cleaner production, develop green manufacturing, focus on the innovation of production processes and processes in high energy consuming industries such as power, steel, cement and coal chemical industry, promote the transformation of traditional industrial sectors to low-carbon production, and improve the unit energy output rate; Adjust the mode and structure of transportation, improve the energy efficiency of transportation tools, promote the electrification process of transportation tools, phase out "yellow standard vehicles" and other high energy consuming transportation tools, comprehensively improve the efficiency of multimodal transport such as railway and shipping in freight transport, increase the proportion of public transport and shared transport in passenger transport, speed up the construction of green infrastructure in ports, airports and other regions, and make rational use of clean energy such as wind energy and tidal energy; Advocate a green and low-carbon lifestyle, build a green and low-carbon community, and reduce the indirect consumption of domestic energy by guiding residents to choose green travel and reducing the use of disposable products, so as to form a new trend of low-carbon and green circular development in the whole society. Third, we should strengthen the planning and management of land greening space and form an ecological scheme to reduce pollution and carbon. Ecosystem plays an important role in carbon cycle and pollutant deposition through photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration of plants, respiration and sedimentation of soil, lakes and other environmental media. It is necessary to carry out eco-environmental engineering restoration for the existing natural ecosystem, so as to reduce the risk of soil deposition of air pollutants, improve the productivity of the ecosystem and enhance the carbon sequestration stock, including forest land and grassland restoration and conservation projects, natural wetland restoration and artificial wetland design, ecological river construction and pollution lake treatment. At the same time, through the reasonable adjustment of the current ecological land use pattern, promote the functional optimization of the ecosystem, and realize the improvement of regional environmental capacity and carbon sink, mainly including the transformation of land use types, the optimization of spatial structure allocation, the cultivation of land high productivity plants and crops, and the adjustment of agricultural cultivation and planting modes. The natural resilience and carbon sink of the ecosystem will be maintained at a high level through scientific control measures, including forest rotation and replanting, forest and grassland diseases and pests, water and wind erosion control, forest and grassland fire prevention, etc. Fourth, regularly evaluate the effectiveness of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and reasonably plan and adjust the coordinated route of pollution reduction and carbon reduction. According to the requirements of technical guidance documents such as IPCC guidelines for the preparation of national greenhouse gas inventories and guidelines for the preparation of provincial greenhouse gas inventories (Trial), the emission source classification and emission boundary definition are carried out in combination with the generation mechanism and emission characteristics of pollutants and greenhouse gases; Based on the comprehensive consideration of historical emission characteristics and the analysis of the impact of population, economic scale, energy consumption structure and intensity on pollutants and carbon emissions, different development scenarios are set to simulate future emission trends. Based on the principles of systems and Synergetics, the correlation and coupling between pollutant emission reduction and greenhouse gas emission reduction are predicted, and the synergy effect is analyzed by horizontal comparison with the emissions under a single path of pollutant or greenhouse gas emission reduction. According to the analysis results of synergy effect, the single core driving mechanism and dual core driving mechanism of the synergy system composed of pollutant emission reduction and greenhouse gas emission reduction in the future economic and social development are clarified, which provides a basis for formulating the medium and long-term coordinated route of pollution reduction and carbon reduction. A man can live up to the green hill, and the green hill will live up to the man. Systematically summarize the profound changes and breakthroughs made in the field of ecological environment and industrial energy, strengthen confidence and concentrate on the grand goal of realizing the harmonious coexistence between man and nature and building a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful modern socialist power. (outlook new era)