Core reading Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has attached great importance to the cause of women and children, strengthened top-level design, consolidated and improved systems, optimized the allocation of resources, and made great progress and remarkable achievements in maternal and child health. According to the data, the maternal mortality, infant mortality and child mortality under 5 years of age in China have decreased to 16.1/100000, 5.0 ‰ and 7.1 ‰ respectively in 2021, all falling to the lowest level in history. The decline trend of the three core indicators continues to be positive. China has been rated as "one of the world's ten high performance countries in maternal and child health" by the World Health Organization. On May 30, the National Health Commission held a press conference to introduce the progress and results of maternal and child health work since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The world health organization takes the life expectancy per capita, infant mortality rate and maternal mortality rate as the main indicators to measure the health level of a country. The health of women and children reflects the health level, quality of life and civilization level of the country. The health of women and children is the cornerstone of national health and the premise of sustainable human development. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has attached great importance to the cause of women and children, and the work of maternal and child health has made considerable progress and remarkable achievements. Continuous improvement of system construction Continuous improvement of service capability Songli, director of the Department of women and children of the National Health Commission, pointed out that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, China has made efforts to comply with the new era, new requirements and people's new expectations for a better life, strengthen top-level design, consolidate and improve systems, optimize the allocation of resources, and achieve the goals of the 13th five year plan, the outline of China's development plan for women and children, and various goals of maternal and child health as scheduled, The health of women and children has improved significantly. In 2021, the maternal mortality rate has dropped to 16.1/100000, the infant mortality rate has dropped to 5.0 ‰, and the mortality rate of children under the age of 5 has dropped to 7.1 ‰. The core indicators of maternal and child health have dropped to the lowest level in history. The prevention and treatment of cervical and breast cancer in women, the prevention of mother to child transmission of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B, child health care and the prevention and treatment of birth defects have achieved positive results. First, the maternal and child health system was further improved. China always adheres to the concept of children first and mother safety, and adheres to the path of healthy development of women and children with Chinese characteristics that combines health care with clinical practice, individuals with groups, and traditional Chinese medicine with western medicine. We will implement the outline for the development of women and children in China, promote the building of a healthy China, and launch actions to promote maternal and child health. We will establish and improve the five systems for maternal and infant safety, and implement a series of plans such as the action plan for maternal and infant safety and the action plan for healthy children. We will continue to improve the maternal and child health system. Second, the ability of maternal and child health services continued to improve. Over the past 10 years, we have continuously implemented the maternal and child health security project, the capacity-building project for maternal and child health care institutions, and the training project for grass-roots obstetricians, newborn pediatricians and child health care personnel. The maternal and child health service system with Chinese characteristics, with maternal and child health care institutions and women's and children's hospitals as the core, grass-roots medical and health institutions as the foundation, and general hospitals and relevant scientific research and teaching institutions as the support, has been continuously improved. So far, there are 3032 maternal and child health care institutions nationwide, with 542000 professionals and 260000 beds. Innovative models such as cloud maternal and child care and smart maternal and child care have been continuously promoted, and the maternal and child health service capacity has been continuously improved. Third, the level of equalization of maternal and child health has been continuously improved. By continuing to promote national basic public health services, children's nutrition improvement, pre pregnancy eugenics health examination, cervical cancer and breast cancer examination for rural women, priority will be given to covering all former national poverty-stricken counties. Efforts should be made to solve the unbalanced and inadequate development of maternal and child health. In recent years, the in-hospital delivery rate of pregnant and lying in women in China has remained stable at more than 99%, and the systematic management rate of pregnant and lying in women and children's health management rate have remained at more than 90%. The gap between urban and rural areas in terms of women's and children's health has further narrowed. Over the past 10 years, the ratio of maternal mortality in the western and eastern regions has decreased from 2.1 to 1.5, and the ratio of mortality of children under 5 years old in rural and urban areas has decreased from 2.7 to 2.1. The fairness and accessibility of maternal and child health services have been continuously enhanced. Songli said that the core indicators of maternal and child health include maternal mortality, mortality of children under 5 years old and infant mortality. These indicators are also the core evaluation indicators of the United Nations sustainable development goals. Over the past 10 years, China's core indicators of maternal and child health have continued to improve, far below the global average level and the average level of the world's middle - and high-income countries, ranking in the forefront of the world's middle - and high-income countries. China has been rated as "one of the world's ten high performance countries in maternal and child health" by the World Health Organization. Assisted reproduction is developing rapidly Expansion of screening scope for two cancers Qiaojie, director of the National Center for clinical medicine of gynaecology and obstetrics, President of the Third Hospital of Peking University and academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering, introduced that in recent 10 years, the overall service volume and technical level of "test tube baby" in China have reached the international advanced level, especially in terms of service types, high safety and pregnancy rate between 40% and 50%. It is an international leader in some research fields, such as preimplantation genetic testing technology. As of last June, 539 institutions for the implementation of human assisted reproductive technology had been approved by the state, and there were 27 human sperm banks. The total number of cycles of human assisted reproductive technology application each year exceeded 1million, which can meet the needs of infertility patients. Especially in the management of assisted reproductive technology, China has three advantages: first, the strict access of assisted reproductive technology. In 2015, the national assisted reproductive technology management expert base was established to promote the fairness and justice of the technology approval process in all regions. At the same time, we strengthened the quality management and standardized services before, during and after the event. The National Health Commission regularly publishes the list of medical institutions that have been approved to carry out human assisted reproductive technology and set up human sperm banks nationwide, and accepts social supervision. The second is to strengthen the daily supervision of the application of assisted reproductive technology. Every year, a certain number of medical institutions will be regularly selected and evaluated by the expert group. The establishment of the national assisted reproductive technology quality management expert group has played a positive role in the safe, standardized, unified and efficient management of assisted reproductive technology throughout the country. Third, we will severely crack down on illegal sperm collection and donation, illegal egg collection and donation, and surrogacy. Wanglinhong, chairman of the women's health care Branch of the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association and chief expert of chronic diseases of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and prevention, said that cervical cancer and breast cancer are two major malignant tumors affecting women's health. Since 2009, the state has included "two cancer" screening into major public health service projects, providing free screening for rural women. In 2019, the "two cancers" screening was included in the basic public health services. By 2020, the "two cancers" screening has covered nearly 2600 counties and urban areas, with a total of 130million free cervical cancer screenings and 64million free breast cancer screenings. Through early screening, early diagnosis and early intervention, many sick women can get timely assistance. In 2021, the National Health Commission issued the work plan for cervical cancer screening and the work plan for breast cancer screening to further improve the coverage of "two cancers" screening services, apply more accurate and efficient screening methods, and strengthen the quality control of all aspects of screening, so that more and more urban and rural women, especially rural and urban low-income women, can enjoy high-quality screening services. Continuous guarantee of maternal and infant safety Expansion of pediatric medical resources Songli pointed out that on the basis of the implementation of the five systems of maternal and infant safety, China has taken a series of actions, including quality and safety improvement, specialized capacity-building, convenience and high-quality service, to ensure the safety of mothers and infants in an all-round way. Especially in recent years, the National Health Commission has formulated the guidelines for the construction and management of critical maternal and newborn care centers. So far, 3364 critical maternal care centers and 3070 critical newborn care centers have been established nationwide. After years of efforts, the network of first aid, consultation and referral for critically ill pregnant women and newborns, which covers the whole country, is responsible at different levels, linked up and down, and operates effectively, has been basically completed. In particular, it played a very important role in the prevention and control of COVID-19. While striving to ensure the safety of mothers and infants, all localities are also actively exploring higher quality maternal and child health services that are people-oriented and can meet multi-level and diversified needs. For example, some medical institutions have carried out labor analgesia pilot projects and non drug analgesia, including professional accompanying labor and the construction of warm delivery rooms, so as to continuously improve the delivery experience of pregnant women. Nixin, director of the National Children's medical center and President of Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, said that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the National Health Commission has launched two action plans for healthy children, which has greatly improved the ability of children's health services. At present, the number of beds per thousand children in China is 2.2, an increase of 0.27% over 2015. High quality paediatric medical resources have been continuously expanded, and the construction of children's health care service network has been accelerated. According to the requirements of Beijing Municipality, Beijing Children's hospital has managed the pediatrics of 6 general hospitals including Tiantan Hospital in the form of coordinated development, so as to ease the patients in the core area to the surrounding areas. Beijing Children's hospital has also established a cross regional specialist alliance, including 47 children's hospitals in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and cities, involving more than 3000 online hospitals. Through the sharing of medicine, education, research, prevention and management, it has realized "let doctors move, patients do not move", and provided full-cycle, all-round and warm children's medical and health care services. (outlook new era)