ESS Crossbow goggles from the United States. Whether in film and television works or various military news reports, viewers often see soldiers wearing various military goggles. Soldiers wear glasses not to add a sense of mystery, military goggles are their 'visual shield' on the battlefield. The association between goggles and military use dates back to World War I, when pilots on the air combat field were first equipped with goggles. German pilot Manfred von Richthofen wore leather and glass goggles and piloted the Fokker DR-1 biplane for combat. At that time, most fighter cockpits adopted an open design. When fighter jets fly at high speeds, the airflow is strong, and the appearance of goggles protects the pilot's eyes from impact. In addition, under the technological conditions at that time, the fuel of fighter jets sometimes splashed out, and goggles could effectively prevent the fuel from splashing into the pilot's eyes. The design of goggles during this period was simple, with a single function, and its drawbacks were also obvious: the transparent glass lenses were fragile and could not withstand the damage of ultraviolet rays to the eyes. During World War II, military goggles began to be extensively equipped for combat personnel of various branches of the military. During this period, typical representatives of military goggles included the US military's M1943 goggles, M1944 goggles, and the German M30 goggles. At this time, the goggles have made great progress compared to before. The frame material of the goggles has been upgraded to hard aluminum alloy, and the lenses have undergone anti fog and hardening treatment. However, the function of goggles is still limited to wind, sand, gravel, UV protection, etc. With the continuous evolution of war forms and combat styles, soldiers' eyes are increasingly threatened in the battlefield environment. The Canadian Army conducted a survey on visual injuries, which showed that approximately 67% of visually impaired individuals did not use any eye protection devices when their eyes were injured. After years of development, the styles and manufacturing materials of military goggles have been continuously improved and enriched. At present, most military goggles are made of polycarbonate material. The lenses made of this material are not only lightweight, but also have several times higher impact resistance than traditional glass materials, which can effectively resist the impact of high-speed splashes. For example, the American ESS Crossbow goggles made of this material have lenses that can withstand the impact of gun shrapnel, bullets, and debris. In addition, besides the material used to make the lenses, there are also significant considerations for the color selection of the lenses. In actual combat or training, the impact of ambient light on vision cannot be ignored. Therefore, military goggles are usually equipped with lenses in three colors: dark gray, yellow, and transparent. Dark gray lenses can effectively prevent ultraviolet rays and are suitable for use in sunny weather or combat environments with strong light; Yellow lenses have a certain brightening effect, which can make the scenery look clearer in low light conditions. They are suitable for wearing in cloudy weather or low light environments such as early morning and evening; Transparent lenses have high transmittance and can maintain visual fidelity to the maximum extent, making them suitable for low light environments such as nighttime, cloudy days, or indoor shooting ranges... Nowadays, military goggles are showing a trend of informatization and intelligence, and may become one of the combat subsystems for future battlefield soldiers. While taking into account protection, they are compatible with helmets, communication systems, and other equipment, assisting in comprehensive situational awareness, adapting to different battlefield needs, and playing an important role. (New Society)