Ethical Path for Building a Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance System

2025-01-06

The rapid development of artificial intelligence technology has stirred up a surging wave, profoundly changing human existence and lifestyle, bringing great convenience to humanity, but also breaking the boundaries of traditional human-machine relationships, bringing new ethical challenges and moral dilemmas to human existence and communication. How to better respond to and adapt to the uncertainty brought about by the transformation of artificial intelligence technology is an important issue we need to face. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "technology is a powerful tool for development, but it may also become a source of risks. We need to anticipate and judge the rule conflicts, social risks, and ethical challenges brought about by technological development, and improve relevant laws, regulations, ethical review rules, and regulatory frameworks." The "Principles of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Governance - Developing Responsible Artificial Intelligence" issued by the National New Generation Artificial Intelligence Governance Professional Committee clearly proposes to "develop responsible artificial intelligence," which provides an important ethical path for us to develop and govern artificial intelligence. Further elucidating the ethical stance and principles of responsible artificial intelligence governance has become an essential part of applied ethics research. The ethical challenges and moral dilemmas of artificial intelligence are triggering the most important technological revolution and social change, while also transforming humanity itself and changing human behavior. With the rise of biotechnology revolution and artificial intelligence, humans are experiencing a dual technologization of body and mind, facing the risk of being replaced by technology and triggering new ontological issues. Especially with the new revolution of artificial intelligence technology - the introduction of generative artificial intelligence (AIGC), the boundaries of traditional human-machine relationships have been broken, manifested as the "anthropomorphism of artificial intelligence" and the "mechanization and algorithmization of humans", bringing huge challenges to traditional ethical relationships and ethical systems. With the advent of the era of artificial intelligence, the issues of "future humans" and "distant strangers" have gradually entered the ethical perspective of humanity. Traditional ethics emphasizes a kind of "close ethics", emphasizing direct communication between people, where both actors are familiar and present together, and moral time and space are a form of close proximity. The deep intervention of technology has changed the moral space and behavioral nature of humanity, and some new objects, such as artificial intelligence, have gradually entered the fields for which we are responsible and morally concerned. Artificial intelligence, as a new technology, has brought profound changes to the ethical world and moral space of humanity. It has established new relationships with humans through virtualization and personification, and the ethical relationship has expanded from "human to human", "human to animal", "human to nature" to "human to artificial intelligence". The ethical responsibility relationship between humans and artificial intelligence will face significant difficulties when explained using traditional ethical relationships between humans, resulting in a triple moral dilemma of human-machine ethical relationships. The first priority is the dilemma of good and evil. The traditional human-machine relationship is a relationship between people and objects, where technology is used as a tool by humans. With the continuous innovation of technology, modern technology is no longer a simple tool, and it is difficult for humans to distinguish whether the use of modern technology is good or evil. Artificial intelligence can bring maximum benefits to humanity, but it may also be abused and cause great harm to humanity. The second issue is the dilemma of dignity. With the development of artificial intelligence, especially the application of generative artificial intelligence, human over reliance on technology and artificial intelligence may weaken human subjectivity and challenge human dignity. The third challenge is the dilemma of responsibility. Although artificial intelligence currently lacks true autonomy and subjectivity, it has a certain degree of autonomous behavior. This autonomous behavior brings ethical risks and uncertainties, with unclear boundaries of responsibility and allocation of ethical risks, leading to a debate on the responsibility gap in artificial intelligence applications and creating a vacuum in the traditional responsibility ethics system. How to solve these moral dilemmas and develop 'responsible artificial intelligence' is undoubtedly a feasible ethical path. Adhering to the ethical standpoint of putting people first, although the rise of artificial intelligence has opened up the perspective of ethical concerns, extended traditional ethical relationships, and brought certain challenges and risks, it can be confirmed that humans themselves are the decision-makers and users of the development of artificial intelligence, and fundamentally humans are the true responsible ones. The concept of "responsibility" should be integrated into the research and application of artificial intelligence. The "New Generation of Artificial Intelligence Governance Principles - Developing Responsible Artificial Intelligence" points out that we should follow the principles of "harmony and friendliness, fairness and justice, inclusiveness and sharing, respect for privacy, security and controllability, shared responsibility, open collaboration, and agile governance". This undoubtedly provides us with a governance framework and action guide to solve the triple dilemma. The development of responsible artificial intelligence refers to the safe, reliable, and ethical way in which humans develop and use AI. The connotation of "responsible" includes inclusiveness, fairness, people-oriented, transparency and interpretability, security, respect for privacy, and accountability, in order to ensure the responsible operation and use of artificial intelligence systems. 'Responsible artificial intelligence' does not mean developing ethical and responsible artificial moral machines that can think independently and make ethical decisions, and take responsibility for their own actions. On the contrary, 'responsible artificial intelligence' mainly refers to the responsibility of humans, who should shoulder the responsibility for the artificial intelligence they create and develop it responsibly to better serve humanity. Human beings themselves are the key to the development and governance of artificial intelligence, so we must adhere to the ethical standpoint of putting people first. Adhering to the ethical standpoint of putting people first is the value foundation for promoting the development and governance of responsible artificial intelligence. General Secretary Xi Jinping attaches great importance to the development, security, and governance of artificial intelligence, and has put forward the important concept of "people-oriented, intelligent for good". This not only provides a new perspective for the development and governance of artificial intelligence, but also fully embodies the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind in the field of artificial intelligence. Putting people first contains deep ethical values and is an important principle that artificial intelligence governance should follow. The ethical standpoint of putting people first requires artificial intelligence to always adhere to the concept of "human beings as the purpose" in research and application, and respect human dignity and rights. As a technology, artificial intelligence, no matter to what extent it develops, should not be free from its tool attribute. Essentially, it is a product of human practical activities, that is, an artificial creation. It is worth emphasizing that this people-centered approach is not a strong anthropocentric viewpoint, which only highlights the dominant and superior position of human beings. Instead, it respects human personality and dignity, regards people as ends, and emphasizes human responsibilities and obligations. In order to better develop responsible artificial intelligence while adhering to the ethical standpoint of putting people first, we need to further establish the principles of "intelligence for good", "dignity", and "responsibility" to respond to the triple moral dilemma faced by human-machine ethical relationships. Firstly, intelligence for good is the fundamental goal of developing responsible artificial intelligence. While artificial intelligence brings great benefits to humanity, it also brings unprecedented challenges and risks. What we need is not technological neutrality, but to inject humanistic and ethical dimensions into the development of technology and artificial intelligence towards the goal of goodness, and to promote the development of artificial intelligence towards the direction of technology towards goodness. The purpose of this kind of intelligence towards goodness cannot just be limited to enhancing abilities and meeting the needs of the subject, but should aim to improve the well-being of all humanity. Secondly, the principle of dignity is an inevitable requirement for the development of responsible artificial intelligence. Dignity is an important concept in ethics and the core content of putting people first. The research and application of artificial intelligence is aimed at better realizing the principle of "human beings as the purpose", reflecting human dignity and value, rather than ultimately reducing humans to tools. Therefore, the principle of dignity, as a necessary requirement and ethical bottom line for putting people first, requires that the development of artificial intelligence should not harm or infringe on human dignity and rights, respect human autonomy, protect human privacy, and avoid algorithmic discrimination and intelligent harm. Finally, the principle of responsibility is an important guarantee for the development of responsible artificial intelligence. The principle of responsibility is one of the most critical principles in contemporary applied ethics discussions, and it is also the most fundamental ethical principle that should be adhered to in the development and application of artificial intelligence. The ethical stance of putting people first emphasizes the concept of "putting people at the center", which is not only reflected in serving and enhancing human well-being, but also in the sense that individuals can and should be responsible. This is precisely where the humanistic spirit of putting people first lies. In the research and application of artificial intelligence, we must always adhere to the principle of responsibility, integrate responsibility into all aspects of the development of artificial intelligence, establish and improve necessary accountability mechanisms, achieve traceability of responsibility, and safeguard the basic rights and interests of humanity. Building a responsible artificial intelligence governance system has gradually highlighted new ethical issues and moral dilemmas in the world of human-machine coexistence. How to build a responsible artificial intelligence governance system has become a key issue for the development of artificial intelligence and ethical governance of technology. We must adhere to the ethical standpoint of putting people first, jointly build a responsible global artificial intelligence governance system, form a collaborative governance responsibility mechanism, cultivate human artificial intelligence literacy and sense of responsibility, and jointly promote the progress of human civilization. Building a responsible artificial intelligence governance system requires the joint construction of a global artificial intelligence governance system. Global governance of artificial intelligence is a common issue faced by countries around the world, which concerns the fate of all mankind. In this new era of technology, the community of shared future for mankind should participate in global cooperation and governance of artificial intelligence with a responsible attitude, narrow the intelligence gap between countries, and jointly improve the global governance mechanism. The most important thing in building a responsible global governance system for artificial intelligence is to be based on the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, with the goal of enhancing the common well-being of all mankind and the premise of safeguarding human security and rights, ensuring that artificial intelligence develops towards the direction of human civilization progress. As a responsible artificial intelligence powerhouse, China has always actively embraced the transformation of intelligence, vigorously promoted the innovation and development of artificial intelligence, and persisted in being an active promoter, participant, and contributor in the global governance of artificial intelligence in the face of the opportunities and challenges that artificial intelligence brings to humanity. China attaches great importance to the governance of artificial intelligence security and has implemented a series of practical measures, such as the release of the "Global Artificial Intelligence Governance Initiative", emphasizing the adherence to "people-oriented" and "intelligence for good", providing the world with a Chinese solution for artificial intelligence governance based on the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind. Building a responsible artificial intelligence governance system requires the establishment of a collaborative governance responsibility mechanism. A responsible person not only refers to a single responsible subject, but also a responsible person composed of multiple responsible subjects, which cannot be separated from the joint participation and collaborative governance of multiple subjects such as government, enterprises, industries, and users. The construction of a responsibility mechanism cannot simply attribute responsibility to artificial intelligence developers and users, but requires the participation of all responsible parties. It is necessary to clarify the subject, level, distribution, and boundaries of responsibility, explore common responsibility mechanisms, and solve the problems of responsibility gap and ethical vacuum. Although artificial intelligence currently participates in human actions with relatively low autonomy and does not have the moral subject status of humans, they together constitute human-machine interaction actions. Therefore, we still need to incorporate it into a broader ethical framework and accountability mechanism. The responsible party here is a human-machine joint responsibility body composed of multiple responsible parties and artificial intelligence, which needs to be continuously improved and perfected

Edit:Luo yu    Responsible editor:Jia jia

Source:GMW.cn

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