The cyberspace is a spiritual home shared by billions of people. With clear skies and a good ecology, it is the people's beautiful aspiration for an online spiritual home. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that "shaping and purifying the cyberspace with the new trend of the times, and jointly building a beautiful spiritual home online." To build a beautiful spiritual home online and meet the people's aspirations for a better life, it is necessary to focus on improving the network literacy of the whole society, purifying the network environment, and cultivating a positive, healthy, and positive network culture. Improving online literacy is the responsibility of the entire society. The Internet is a large social information platform, an important medium to meet people's needs in information transmission, emotional exchange, production and life, and has an important impact on people's ways of seeking knowledge, ways of thinking, values, etc. It can be said that the Internet technology as a technology and its facility system have become the infrastructure of society, and the Internet as a space has become the basic production and living space of many people. Millions of netizens' likes, comments and comments on online content on the Internet, as well as exchanges and evaluations on shopping websites and various life service applications, all demonstrate their network literacy, and exert a subtle influence on the formation of others' network literacy. To enhance the overall network literacy of society, it is necessary to strengthen the co governance and sharing of the network ecosystem, and give full play to the subjective initiative of multiple entities such as the government, enterprises, society, and netizens to participate in network ecological governance and improve the overall network literacy of society. All regions and departments should be encouraged to formulate and issue norms of network civilization in line with their own characteristics in combination with civilization building work, strengthen the construction of website platform community rules and user agreements, urge Internet enterprises to actively fulfill their social responsibilities, expand the supply of high-quality network products and services, encourage and support all kinds of network social organizations to participate in the construction of network civilization, promote all kinds of network information providers, including developers, operators, platforms, etc., to consciously follow ethical norms, strengthen industry self-discipline, deepen the implementation of the project of striving to be a good Internet user in China, and jointly create a good network environment. Improving online literacy requires the protection of laws and regulations. Promoting the governance of the Internet by law is an important area of improving national governance, an important issue of comprehensively governing the country by law, and an important requirement of Internet development management. Currently, illegal and harmful information, online violence, algorithm abuse, and other phenomena still exist to a certain extent. The problem of netizens mistakenly becoming intermediaries for spreading false and erroneous information and rumors due to insufficient online literacy also occurs from time to time. Cyberspace is not a place beyond the law or an enclave of public opinion. Only by constantly improving and effectively implementing laws and regulations can we guide the majority of Internet subjects to consciously improve their network literacy with legal norms and ensure the healthy operation of the Internet on the track of the rule of law. We should take the rule of law as a basic means, continue to speed up the formulation and improvement of laws and regulations in the Internet field, promote the process of legalization in cyberspace, use laws and regulations in the Internet field that keep pace with the times and improve the system to escort the development of cyberspace, and provide legal compliance for the whole society to improve network health. We need to deepen the work of popularizing law on the Internet, continuously enhance the legal literacy and concept of the Internet among the vast number of netizens, strengthen the construction of the network law enforcement team, improve the professional competence and technical application ability of law enforcement personnel, enhance the accuracy and efficiency of network law enforcement, crack down on entities that use the Internet to seek illegitimate benefits and undermine network civilization, and comprehensively promote the legal network, legal operation of the Internet, and legal access to the Internet. Improving online literacy requires deepening educational guidance. At present, information technology and its infrastructure continue to be upgraded iteratively, the actors in the Internet space are numerous and diverse, and the factors that affect the behavior of Internet users are complex and changeable, all of which pose more challenges and higher requirements for improving the network literacy of the whole society. Improving the overall network literacy of society is not a one-day effort. The key is to make good use of educational methods, integrate the task goals of improving network literacy into the national education system and social education system, and effectively enhance the effectiveness of educational guidance. We should incorporate online literacy education into the content of school quality education, focusing on the formation of online moral awareness, the cultivation of online legal concepts, the construction of online usage abilities, and the protection of personal and property safety based on the growth characteristics of young people at different stages. We should adopt appropriate forms to carry out online literacy education for minors, and strive to provide high-quality online literacy education courses. Promote the network literacy related training courses into vocational training, universities for the elderly, community lectures, etc., widely gather the joint efforts of news websites, business platforms and other communication, rely on universities and Internet enterprises to create network ethics research centers and education bases, carry out targeted network nutrition education and training, and promote the whole society to form ideas, cultural customs, moral pursuits, and codes of conduct that meet the requirements of the construction of network civilization in the new era. Author: Ma Mei (Professor at the School of Journalism and Communication, Anhui Normal University)