Through! Not long ago, the traditional construction techniques of Chinese wooden arch bridges were successfully included in the list of representative works of human intangible cultural heritage. The unique structure of "bridge over river, corridor over bridge, and integrated bridge corridor" has amazed the world with the ancient wisdom of Chinese bridge construction. Open to traffic! On December 11th, after more than four years of construction, the Huangmaohai Cross Sea Road will be officially opened to traffic. With a length of 31 kilometers, it ranks among the top 10 longest sea crossing channels in China and connects Zhuhai and Jiangmen in Guangdong across the sea. Spanning thousands of years, from the wooden arch bridge over the river to the sea crossing passage, the construction technology of the "Chinese Bridge" has been inherited and leapfrogged. Nowadays, a number of cross sea bridges represented by the Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge and the Shenzhen Zhongshan Expressway have become shining business cards for the accelerated construction of transportation powerhouses, demonstrating the strong strength of China's infrastructure construction. China's cross sea bridges have entered a new stage of innovation and surpassing in the Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area, and cross sea bridges are constantly being upgraded. Crossing the Huangmao Sea first, and then crossing the Lingdingyang, the "Super Cross Sea Passage" consisting of the Huangmao Sea Cross Sea Channel and the Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge is straightening the Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area, closely connecting the four cities of Jiangmen, Zhuhai, Macao, and Hong Kong. This 100 kilometer long "straight line" echoes the recently opened Shenzhen Zhongshan Passage and the under construction Lion Ocean Passage, forming a cross sea corridor group and forming a three-level passage of "inner ring central ring outer ring" in the Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area. Along the coastline heading north, a cross sea connection "action" is also pressing the "acceleration button" in the Yangtze River Delta. In 2021, the main channel project of Zhoushan Port in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province was fully completed and opened to traffic, achieving the world's longest connected island expressway through the "one bridge crossing eight islands" initiative; At present, the construction of the 29.2-kilometer-long Hangzhou Bay Cross Sea Railway Bridge is underway, which will become the world's longest cross sea high-speed railway bridge after completion; The Jintang Subsea Tunnel of the Yongzhou Railway has embarked on a journey through the sea, becoming the world's longest underwater high-speed railway tunnel under construction... One world-class cross sea passage after another has been established, helping to accelerate the integration of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration. The Feihong Road embodies the glorious history of China's cross sea bridge construction. The construction of cross sea bridges in mainland China began in the 1980s and 1990s, and entered a rapid development stage at the beginning of this century, with the construction of large-scale cross sea channel projects The person in charge of the Highway Bureau of the Ministry of Transport introduced that according to incomplete statistics, about 100 cross sea bridges have been built or are under construction in China so far. Measuring on a global scale, this performance is even more proud. It is reported that in the approximately 170 year history of modern cross sea channel construction in the world, there have been about 120 projects built, under construction, and planned around the world, except for China. Among them, large-scale channel projects with a length of over 10 kilometers account for a relatively small proportion. The initial scale of cross sea bridge projects in our country was relatively small, and the technical difficulty was close to that of general cross river bridges The relevant person in charge of the Highway Bureau of the Ministry of Transport introduced that since 2000, with the completion of landmark projects such as the Donghai Bridge and the Hangzhou Bay Cross Sea Bridge, large-scale cross sea bridges have emerged rapidly in China, not only with more diverse structures, but also with the initial formation of industrial construction capabilities for offshore bridge clusters. In 2018, with the construction of the Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge as a landmark, China's cross sea bridge island tunnel cluster project achieved a breakthrough from 0 to 1. Subsequently, cross sea projects such as the Pingtan Strait Public Railway Bridge and the Shenzhen Zhongshan Passage were successively completed, greatly consolidating and enhancing the construction strength of large-scale cross sea passages in China. Since the 1980s, after experiencing two stages of learning and following up, and improving and catching up, China's cross sea bridges have fully entered a new stage of innovation and surpassing The relevant person in charge of the Highway Bureau of the Ministry of Transport said. Basic mastery of the core technology capability of the entire chain of cross sea bridges. Cross sea bridges are built on the sea, which means that the project not only has to face larger bridge spans and longer construction times, but also has to withstand harsh environments such as high salt, high humidity, and strong typhoons. Feihong Road witnesses China's repeated breakthroughs in bridge construction technology. In May 2005, the entire Donghai Bridge was completed. As the first offshore cross sea bridge in China, the project has innovated multiple technologies such as offshore construction surveying and positioning, offshore construction platform construction, and driven the development of large-scale floating cranes and other equipment with a capacity of over 2500 tons. It has overcome the difficulties of bridge construction in strong tidal waters and pioneered the theory and practice of ultra long bridge construction in China's offshore areas. Over the past decade, innovative achievements and technological breakthroughs have helped China continuously write new records for the longest, tallest, largest, and fastest cross sea bridges. The Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Bridge, which was completed at the end of 2010, became the first cross sea bridge built in northern China and provided a new solution for the construction of cross sea bridges in cold sea areas. In October 2018, the world-class Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge was completed and opened to traffic. Through independently mastering the complete technology of offshore immersed tube installation, the world's longest and first deep buried underwater highway immersed tube tunnel was created. In the construction of the Huangmaohai Cross Sea Passage, the China Communications Construction team upgraded the intelligent tower building system, achieving a "one climb to the top" suspension tower and shortening the construction period of each tower column from 8 days to 5 days, greatly improving construction efficiency. At present, China has built a number of large-scale cross sea bridges, covering various types such as highway bridges, highway railway joint construction bridges, including bridges, tunnels, and bridge island tunnel cluster projects The relevant person in charge of the Highway Bureau of the Ministry of Transport said. From engineering planning to construction, China has basically mastered the core technology and continuously enhanced its independent construction capability, which has become a powerful support for the steady leap of cross sea bridges. Equipped with hardcore equipment to adapt to complex environments. After years of development, China has developed a series of modern large-scale offshore engineering ships and high-precision construction equipment, which can not only effectively cope with complex marine environment, but also improve construction efficiency and ensure project quality. Gathering technological achievements in various fields such as material research and development, key processes, and construction equipment, the "China Bridge" is striding out: from the Penang Second Bridge in Malaysia to the Panama Canal Third Bridge, from Brunei's first sea crossing bridge, the Great Mora Island Bridge, to the Maldives China Malaysia Friendship Bridge... A series of sea crossing bridges designed and built by China have become shining "national business cards". The "economic account" and "livelihood account" of cross sea bridge construction are often expensive, with huge investments of billions or even hundreds of billions of yuan, which is a comprehensive consideration of economic and social development. First, calculate the 'economic account'. On the first day, there were 125000 train trips; In the first week, there were over 720000 train trips; In the first month, the number of trains exceeded 3 million... On June 30th, once the Shenzhen Zhongshan Expressway was opened, there were many free riders. This 24 km long cross sea channel, with the "A" shaped main traffic skeleton at the the Pearl River Estuary and the key "one horizontal", has shortened the driving distance between Shenzhen and Zhongshan, Guangdong from 2 hours to 30 minutes. Based on an estimated daily traffic of 200000 people, the time saved by the opening of the Shenzhen Zhongshan Expressway can create a GDP of over 16 million yuan per day. A flying bridge not only speeds up transportation, but also strengthens economic and trade exchanges. Data shows that during the first National Day holiday after the opening of the Shenzhen Zhongshan Expressway, Zhongshan City received over 3.4 million tourists, doubling year-on-year, and achieved tourism revenue of nearly 2 billion yuan, an increase of over 95% year-on-year. Today, in the "Golden Inner Bay" of the Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area, there are more than 10 cross river and cross sea channels, including the Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge, Shenzhen China Channel, Humen Bridge and Nansha Bridge, as well as the the Pearl River River Estuary Tunnel of the Shenzhen Yangtze River Railway under construction and the Shenzhen Pearl River Channel under planning, which continue to speed up the flow of people, logistics and capital in the region and promote the integration of both sides of the the Pearl River. With the completion of cross sea bridges such as the Shenzhen Zhongshan Expressway, the relationship between factor flow and industrial development among cities in the Greater Bay Area is shifting from the past focus on agglomeration, absorption, and transfer to radiation, spillover, and division of labor, promoting more coordinated and high-quality regional economic development Industry experts say. Calculate the 'livelihood account' again. In the short term, the construction of the bridge can effectively increase employment opportunities. In the medium to long term, by improving regional transportation conditions, the construction of the bridge can promote the flow of resources such as personnel, capital, technology, and data, improve the efficiency of production factor allocation, and promote the increase of people's income and wealth. Looking at the map of the Yangtze River Delta, Hangzhou Bay is like a natural barrier, cutting off the urban agglomeration on both sides of the strait. In order to break this barrier, a long "stitching" journey was carried out in the Yangtze River Delta with the cross sea bridge "threading the needle" - in 2008, the Hangzhou Bay Cross sea Bridge connecting Jiaxing, Zhejiang and Ningbo was completed and put into use, bringing Ningbo into the "two-hour commuting circle" of Shanghai; In 2009, the Zhoushan Island Connection Project was fully opened, allowing Zhoushan to enter the "three hour economic circle" of Shanghai and the "two-hour economic circle" of Hangzhou in one step; At the end of 2022, the Hangzhou Bay Cross Sea Railway Bridge officially started construction, and it is expected that after its completion in 2027, Ningbo will be connected to Shanghai's "1-hour transportation circle" for the first time. The dense sea crossing bridges have accelerated the transformation of the Yangtze River Delta from "C" to "O". Data shows that from 2018 to 2023, the commuting scale between Shanghai and surrounding cities near Shanghai has increased by over 60%. With the continuous development of China's economy and society, the demand for transportation and logistics is increasing day by day, and the importance of cross sea channel construction is gradually emerging The relevant person in charge of the Comprehensive Planning Department of the Ministry of Transport stated that the next step will be to accelerate the planning and construction of the Cross Strait Bay Passage in accordance with the needs of major national strategic development. For major projects with significant impact and long-term benefits, we will actively carry out preliminary research and technological breakthroughs. On the one hand, we need to strengthen technological innovation and address complex challenges. With the continuous expansion of construction scale, future cross sea bridges will move towards new sea areas with deep water, high waves, and high-intensity earthquakes. It is necessary to further strengthen material, equipment, and technological innovation, and pay attention to environmental protection and intelligent concepts to improve the construction efficiency, safety operation level, and design life of cross sea bridges. On the other hand, improving the standard system and enhancing international influence. At present, China's technological accumulation in the field of cross sea bridge construction has gained international competitiveness. In the future, it is necessary to systematically integrate and standardize related technologies, promote the "Chinese standards" to go global, and help enterprises participate in more cross sea channel construction in the international market. Facing the azure sea, the 'Bridge of China' will continuously leap out of new horizons and achieve new breakthroughs. (New Society)