As an important capital and political, economic, and cultural center of the ancient Shu era, Sanxingdui had a prosperous and thriving social life. The unearthed cultural relics from Sanxingdui are enough to glimpse the colorful and splendid era of that time. Why did the ancient Sanxingdui people choose ancient Shu as their place of survival and reproduction? Why did the Sanxingdui civilization suddenly disappear? The climate factors involved cannot be ignored. A suitable climate brings prosperity and development. Through spore pollen analysis of the Sanxingdui site, researchers have discovered various plant remains, including bamboo, broad-leaved trees, palm trees, reeds, grasses, cabbage, soybeans, chrysanthemum leaf quinoa, and a small amount of carbonized rice. These plant remains indicate that during the Yin Zhou transition about 3000 years ago, the Chengdu Plain area had dense evergreen broad-leaved forests with diverse plant species, mostly tropical and subtropical plants. And there are lakes and water systems nearby, with abundant algae and plants. The climate is warm and humid, suitable for human habitation. A large amount of ivory was discovered during the archaeological excavation of Sanxingdui in 2021, which may have been obtained through trade exchange or reflect the existence of elephants in the area during the Sanxingdui civilization period. The most comfortable living environment for elephants is in tropical forests below an altitude of 1300 meters. Elephants have certain temperature requirements for their survival, and high or low temperatures may affect their lives. Elephants consume a large amount of water every day, so the adequacy of water sources is crucial for their survival. This indicates that during the Sanxingdui civilization period, Sichuan was likely to be warmer and more humid than it is now. The shape of the Sanxingdui Bronze Divine Tree also supports this viewpoint. The shape of the Bronze God Tree is similar to the Fusang tree recorded in the Classic of Mountains and Seas, which is a plant that lives in subtropical or tropical regions. The Bronze God Tree has tall branches and criss crossing roots, resembling a subtropical plant. In the late Neolithic period, the reason why the ancient Shu people came to Sanxingdui to live and gradually established their kingdom was probably because of the superior climate conditions here. During the Sanxingdui period, this place was warm and humid all year round, with the Duck River to the north and the Mamu River to the southwest. The soil was fertile and suitable for agricultural development, as well as for human habitation and the rise of civilization. Paleoclimate studies have also shown that the climate environment during the Sanxingdui period experienced a warm period of the Holocene, during which the climate was warm and humid, consistent with global climate change. What is the reason for the sudden interruption and rapid disappearance of the Sanxingdui culture during the Shang and Zhou dynasties over 2000 years ago, which is related to extreme weather? There are multiple hypotheses regarding this issue, including war theory, flood theory, migration theory, etc. Some studies tend to suggest that climate change leads to frequent disasters, ultimately causing the Sanxingdui civilization to be buried in history due to a flood. During the Second Glacial Maximum 3500 years ago, glacier activity in the high mountain and plateau regions of western China generally intensified, with various glacier activities occurring, which had a certain impact on the climate and environment of the surrounding areas. Based on the analysis of the pollen ancient vegetation sequence in the Sanxingdui area and comparison with the climate change situation at the same time nationwide, it was found that a climate dry and cold period occurred about 2800 years ago. The climate change from warm and humid to cold and dry has led to frequent extreme weather conditions, which may result in flooding. At that time, productivity was extremely low, and frequent droughts and floods first affected the agricultural production of ancient Shu society. The production activities of our ancestors relied on the natural environment and could not resist the disasters brought by climate change, which led to the collapse of the Sanxingdui civilization. In the fourth phase of the Sanxingdui civilization site, a rich sediment layer was discovered, which is strong evidence that Sanxingdui was submerged by floods. Stones were also found in its early strata, which were also caused by flood erosion. Due to the unique geographical environment, floods directly affect the local social development. In addition, around 1037 BC, a severe earthquake occurred in the Sanxingdui site area and its surrounding areas, causing the Minjiang River to change course. These disasters may have led to the depletion of the river water, forcing the Sanxingdui people to migrate. The notion that dynasties during the warm period are more stable and prosperous is not accidental. In fact, the impact of global climate change can be seen at every critical period in human evolution. The rise and fall curves of many civilizations highly overlap with the climate change curve. The founder of Chinese phenology, Zhu Kezhen, detailed the climate characteristics of different dynasties in his "Preliminary Study on Climate Change in China over the Past Five Thousand Years" using time as the context and the beginning and end of dynasties as the dividing line. From around 2000 BC to 1900 AD, there were four relatively warm and four relatively cold periods. The four warm periods roughly correspond to the historical dynasties from the Xia Dynasty to the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Han Dynasty, the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and the Ming Dynasty; The cold period roughly corresponds to the Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States Period, Three Kingdoms, Two Jin Dynasties, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Liao, Song, Jin, Yuan, and Qing Dynasties. Overall, dynasties in the warm period are relatively more stable and prosperous. Chinese civilization originated from agriculture, and the country's economic development is based on agriculture, which heavily relies on the natural environment. The cold period usually corresponds to reduced precipitation, dry weather, significant reduction in grain production, and a more difficult living environment. Under immense survival pressure, there may also be situations of plundering resources and causing unrest. (New Society)