Improve the system and mechanism for precise, scientific, and lawful pollution control, continuously enhance the modernization level of the ecological environment governance system and governance capacity. The Decision of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposes to "improve the system and mechanism for precise, scientific, and lawful pollution control, and implement the fixed pollution source supervision system with the discharge permit system as the core. The recently released "Implementation Plan for the Comprehensive Implementation of the Pollutant Discharge Permit System" clearly states that by 2027, the "one certificate" management of pollutant discharge permits will be fully implemented, and the full element, linkage, and cycle management of fixed pollution source pollutant discharge permits will be basically achieved. The effectiveness of the pollutant discharge permit system will be effectively exerted. As an important component of the national environmental governance system, the pollutant discharge permit system is the core system of the fixed pollution source supervision system. Once, environmental law enforcement was compared to "cat and mouse", where there was illegal control and where there was sewage discharge. The reform of the pollutant discharge permit system has achieved full coverage of fixed pollution source pollutant discharge permit management, laying a solid foundation for improving management efficiency and ecological environment quality. The pollution discharge permit system adopts a "one certificate" management approach, focusing on the responsibilities of polluting units, management departments, and the public, and striving to promote the construction of an environmental governance responsibility system. Clarifying the environmental responsibility of enterprises and regulating their pollution discharge behavior is conducive to improving the efficiency of supervision and law enforcement, and achieving total control of pollutant emissions. For example, in Beijing, the pollutant discharge permit is regarded as the main basis for law enforcement and supervision of fixed pollution sources. Every year, the enforcement of pollutant discharge permits is included in the annual key work of environmental protection departments, and the environmental supervision mode is updated to improve law enforcement efficiency. The implementation of the pollutant discharge permit system has also promoted the coordinated promotion of carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth, providing assistance in optimizing and upgrading the industrial structure. From 2018 to 2021, more than 12000 polluting units in Shanghai were shut down or transformed, gradually phasing out a group of enterprises that could not meet the conditions for issuing pollutant discharge permits or did not implement the requirements for pollutant discharge according to certificates, and optimizing and upgrading the industrial structure. The implementation of a fixed pollution source supervision system has become an important lever, which plays an important role in promoting green, low-carbon and high-quality development, accelerating the formation of a spatial pattern, industrial structure, production mode and lifestyle that saves resources and protects the environment. A pollutant discharge permit is like a 'responsibility list'. Clearly stating the environmental management requirements and legal responsibilities that polluting units should comply with helps to solidify the main responsibility of enterprises, promote enterprises to strengthen management, improve processes, and discharge pollutants with certificates and in accordance with certificates. In practice, some enterprises invest more than 100 million yuan in equipment and actively adopt advanced technology to improve heating efficiency in order to apply for a pollutant discharge permit, which can save tens of millions of yuan in coal consumption every year; Some enterprises, after implementing simplified management of pollutant discharge permits, failed to conduct online monitoring in accordance with the requirements of the pollutant discharge permit and were lawfully investigated and punished by regulatory authorities. Practice has shown that pollutant discharge permits do not restrict the development of enterprises, but rather provide great support for law-abiding and green enterprises. Pollution prevention and control cannot be achieved overnight, and improving the ecological environment governance system cannot be achieved overnight. Only by taking small steps and running fast in reform, implementing stable governance, and persevering in supervision can we achieve greater results. To continuously deepen the reform of the pollution discharge permit system, it is necessary to take comprehensive permit management as the premise, and make breakthroughs in improving the legal and regulatory standard system, optimizing the pollution discharge permit management system, strengthening the management of pollution discharge permits during and after the process, and ensuring the battle against pollution prevention and control. Efforts should be made to achieve full coverage of pollutant discharge units, environmental management elements, and emission control. At present, China's economic and social development has entered a stage of accelerating green and low-carbon high-quality development. Continuously deepening the battle against pollution prevention and control is an important task for our generation. We will continue to make efforts in institutional reform and governance innovation, improve the mechanisms of precise pollution control, scientific pollution control, and law based pollution control, continuously enhance the modernization level of the ecological environment governance system and governance capacity, and ensure that blue skies and white clouds are always present and stars twinkle frequently. (New Society)