According to a report by Physicist Organization Network on the 25th, scientists from the US Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory have achieved the largest scale simulation of cosmic astrophysics to date using the "cutting-edge" supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This sets a new benchmark for simulating cosmic fluid dynamics and lays a solid foundation for simulating the physical characteristics of atomic matter and dark matter. The program used in this simulation is called "Hardware/Hybrid Accelerated Cosmological Code" (HACC). Since its inception 15 years ago, this mature universe simulation program has been dedicated to studying the formation of large-scale structures in the dark regions of the universe, including the origins of dark energy, dark matter, neutrinos, and primordial fluctuations. With the advancement of the E-class computing project in the United States (E-class refers to performing billions of floating-point operations per second), HACC has also undergone a major upgrade, demonstrating astonishing running speeds on E-class "cutting-edge" supercomputers, nearly 300 times faster than the initial reference running speed. This new simulation achieved record breaking performance by using approximately 9000 computing nodes from "cutting-edge" supercomputers. The team stated that the universe consists of two components: dark matter, believed to interact only with gravity, and ordinary matter. Therefore, if scientists want to explore the mysteries of the universe, they need to simulate two major things simultaneously: gravity and other physical processes including hot gas, stars, black holes, and galaxy formation. This is the core of the simulation of cosmic fluid dynamics. However, compared to simulating an expanding universe, the computational cost and difficulty of simulating cosmic fluid dynamics are much higher. In the past, scientists were unable to simulate the fluid dynamics of cosmic regions spanning billions of years observed by large telescopes such as the Rubin Observatory in Chile. But in the latest research, they have achieved this on "cutting-edge" supercomputers. (New Society)