According to recent reports from foreign media, the NATO Rapid Response Force announced that the Finnish artillery unit, as part of a multinational artillery brigade, will participate in the "Dynamic Frontline" exercise held from November 4th to 24th in the Arctic Forest region of Finland and other parts of Europe. Non NATO member Switzerland will send observers to participate in the exercise. It is reported that the "Dynamic Frontline" exercise held this year aims to demonstrate NATO's commitment to enhancing cooperation and interoperability in various extreme environments. The differences in the weapons and equipment purchased by NATO member states and their partner countries have to some extent constrained the overall combat effectiveness of the Allied forces. The "Dynamic Frontline" exercise, which has been held since 2016, aims to test and strengthen the interoperability of NATO allies in the vast area from the Arctic to the Black Sea, ensuring that NATO can achieve effective collective defense in strategic areas under different terrain conditions. This exercise strengthens internal coordination, optimizes communication and information sharing capabilities by developing common procedures and regulations. Military personnel from each member state can participate in the "Dynamic Frontline" exercise to maximize the use of their own weapons and equipment, and understand the tactical performance of weapons and equipment from other member states. This year's "Dynamic Frontline" exercise involves military forces from 28 countries, including 1800 US military personnel and 3700 personnel from other NATO member states and partner countries. The exercise area covers Finland, Estonia, Poland, and Romania. The multinational artillery brigade participating in the exercise, as a special unit in the NATO force structure, has a certain degree of flexibility and scalability compared to ordinary artillery brigades with fixed personnel and equipment. It can be put into operation through temporary grouping, mobilizing artillery units from member countries to participate in exercises or respond to crises. Finland used the K9 155mm self-propelled artillery developed and produced by South Korea in this exercise. In November 2016, Finland spent $200 million to purchase 48 second-hand K9 self-propelled artillery pieces from South Korea and received free maintenance technical support from South Korea. In 2021 and 2022, Finland decided to purchase 48 newly built K9 self-propelled artillery pieces, bringing its total number of K9 self-propelled artillery pieces to 96. France used the "Caesar" 155mm self-propelled artillery system in the exercise. Unlike the tracked chassis of the K9 self-propelled artillery, the "Caesar" self-propelled artillery adopts a wheeled chassis with two specifications of 6 × 6 and 8 × 8. This design reduces the overall weight of the artillery while improving its maneuverability on highways. The "Dynamic Frontline" exercise is led by the US Army's 56th Artillery Command, with the US Army deploying two types of weapons: the "Haimas" multiple rocket launcher system and the 155mm M777 howitzer. The "Haimas" multiple rocket launcher system is capable of launching rockets and ground to ground tactical missiles; The M777 howitzer is a lightweight towed howitzer that can be lifted by a helicopter. Analysts pointed out that the artillery used in this exercise almost covers all types of artillery systems in Western countries and can adapt to different mission requirements. However, the effectiveness of NATO artillery units in actual combat remains questionable. Currently, NATO countries generally suffer from insufficient ammunition production capacity and high production costs. Moreover, the combat capability of some artillery pieces has also been questioned, such as the K9 self-propelled artillery used by Finland, which performed poorly in actual combat. (New Society)