In autumn and winter, the air is dry, cold, and windy, causing peeling, redness, dryness, and itching... Many people's skin also becomes emotional. Now, let's invite experts in dermatology to introduce some tips for autumn and winter skincare. Don't forget to use sunscreen in autumn and winter, as sunscreen products are still essential. Not only is there ultraviolet radiation outdoors, but indoor lighting also produces sun exposure effects, so both indoor and outdoor areas need sun protection. The ways of sun protection include avoiding sun protection, blocking sun protection, and using sun protection skincare products. Avoid sun protection from 10am to 2pm and reduce outings. When it is necessary to go out, try to choose shaded places such as under the shade of trees or on shady surfaces for activities. Sunscreen can be achieved by using umbrellas, wearing hats and sunglasses (dark colors are suitable, but should not affect vision), wearing sunscreen clothing, wearing sunscreen masks and face shields, etc. It is recommended to choose clothing with a sun protection index. Sunscreen skincare products include sunscreen and moisturizers containing sunscreen ingredients. Apply 15 minutes in advance before leaving the house. In autumn, the indoor sun protection performance should be at least SPF15 and PA+, and the outdoor activity or travel should be at least SPF20 and PA++. Eating a small amount (about 5g or 5ml) on the fingertips is enough to apply it all over the face at once. Sunscreen products should be applied to all exposed areas of the body. In addition, ultraviolet rays can also cause hair to dry up and become rough, losing elasticity and luster. Sunscreen products can also be sprayed on hair. Cleaning should not be too harsh. Moisturizing is the king. When the weather turns dry and cold, people will clearly feel dry and uncomfortable on their skin and mucous membranes, and even experience dryness and itching. At this point, it is time to stop using cleansing products with strong oil removing ability that are used in summer, and choose mild or neutral cleansing products. After use, a layer of water locking film can be formed on the face, achieving moisturizing while cleaning. Try not to use facial cleaning products that can produce rich foam and instantly disappear the greasy feeling after washing your face. In addition to choosing cleansing products with strong moisturizing properties, the selection of moisturizers is also very important. Entering autumn, it is recommended to switch to creams with better moisturizing effects. Moisturizing products containing ceramides, cholesterol, and other natural repairing properties can be selected, and the ingredient ratio should be as close as possible to the naturally secreted lipid components of the human body. In addition, if the skin darkens or develops pigmentation after summer, whitening and spot removing products such as those containing vitamin C, vitamin E, arbutin, tranexamic acid, and other ingredients can be used. Skip these two skin care pits moisturizing facial mask application time the longer the better? In order to moisturize, someone will apply a night facial mask, which is wrong. It is recommended to follow the product manual and apply for 15-20 minutes. For exfoliating products, it is recommended to apply for 10-15 minutes. If the time is too long, the skin cannot absorb it. When the facial mask is dry, it will absorb moisture from the skin, causing the skin to become dry. When going out, spray moisturizing spray at any time, right? When the face is dry and tight, moisturizing spray can be used, but the water drops on the face should be wiped dry in 30 seconds and applied with moisturizing agent. Over time, water droplets on the surface of the skin will evaporate outward along with the moisture inside the skin, causing the skin to become even drier. Li Ming and Li Yan (Beijing Friendship Hospital)