According to the US Defense News website, the US Department of Defense recently released the "Defense Industry Strategy Implementation Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), which is the first comprehensive implementation measure launched by the US Department of Defense since the release of the Defense Industry Strategy in January this year. The report states that as a guiding document for the allocation of military resources by the US military in the coming years, the "Plan" will enhance the modernization level of key defense infrastructure and the resilience of the defense industry supply chain, driving the overall improvement of the US military's combat capabilities. The "Plan" proposes that the US Department of Defense will introduce six measures in the field of defense industrial infrastructure to clarify priorities for industrial capacity building, including the following aspects. Promote the construction of ammunition, missile, and submarine manufacturing capabilities within the framework of the Indo Pacific Deterrence Initiative. The Indo Pacific Deterrence Initiative was proposed in 2020, which includes five parts: forward deployment, logistics construction, infrastructure improvement, multinational cooperation, and training exercises. This initiative will receive $9.9 billion in special funding in the 2025 budget. Strengthen the resilience of production and supply chains, including enhancing key production capabilities in the defense industry, analyzing supply chain vulnerabilities, improving basic industrial network security, and strengthening critical material reserves. The US Department of Defense stated that it will develop a unified supply chain protection policy and prioritize strengthening the network protection capabilities of core contractors and related facilities. It is worth noting that in April of this year, the United States released the first professional field supporting document of the Defense Industry Strategy, the Defense Industry Basic Network Security Strategy, which further expands the scope of US military network protection to the combat support and support industry. The Plan states that it will strengthen industrial cooperation with allied and partner countries and promote modernization of capabilities and infrastructure. The former emphasizes the development of trilateral relations between the United States, Britain, and Australia, strengthening joint production of weapons with allied countries, and engaging in international military industry cooperation. The latter involves advancing the modernization of nuclear industrial bases, related industrial infrastructure, and the maintenance and support capabilities of the Ministry of National Defense. According to US media, the above measures achieve standardization and standardization of equipment systems among allies at the strategic level, while ensuring the long-term effectiveness of strategic nuclear deterrence, which is the core strategic content of the Plan. Analysis suggests that the United States is attempting to compensate for its own shortcomings by leveraging the advantages of its allies, in order to build a strong and resilient defense industry ecosystem. The Plan also proposes to establish a more flexible procurement mechanism, with a particular emphasis on accelerating the "replicant" program process and optimizing relevant procurement processes by 2025. In addition, the Plan explicitly strengthens intellectual property and data analysis, fully measures the impact of intellectual property during the procurement process, and ensures the effective use of relevant resources throughout the product lifecycle. The US Department of Defense stated that this content is an important measure to strengthen cooperation between the Department of Defense and the defense industry infrastructure. To promote the implementation of the plan, the US Department of Defense has applied for $37.73 billion in the new fiscal year budget and reserved $393.4 million in reserve funds for the project. The US Department of Defense also plans to issue a detailed list by the end of the year to accelerate the improvement of US military manufacturing capabilities. More than 75% of the $37.73 billion budget will be used for ammunition production. Among them, the US military has clearly stated that it will invest billions of dollars to increase the production capacity of 155mm shells, and increase the monthly production of this type of shell from the current 14000 to 100000 by the end of 2025. The project will be specifically promoted by the army, including increasing the number of worker rotations, advancing technological innovation centered on intelligent technology, and expanding ammunition factories. In the budget of the "Plan" project, approximately 4 billion US dollars will also be provided for the infrastructure construction of the shipbuilding industry. It is reported that in recent years, the construction and maintenance of US warships have encountered difficulties. In April of this year, a survey document released by the US Navy showed that the delivery time of multiple warships, including the new generation Constellation class frigates, the Enterprise nuclear powered aircraft carrier, the Columbia class strategic nuclear submarine, and the Virginia class attack nuclear submarine, was delayed by 1 to 3 years. At the same time, four shipyards in the United States are responsible for nuclear submarine maintenance tasks, and due to the huge workload, nearly 37% of attack nuclear submarines are out of service waiting for maintenance. This plan focuses on strengthening the infrastructure of the shipbuilding industry and injecting vitality into the declining shipbuilding sector in the United States. In addition, the 'Plan' project will support activities related to the 'Okus' alliance. It is reported that the "Okus" alliance is strengthening the exchange and cooperation of advanced technologies such as unmanned combat systems on the basis of developing nuclear submarines. In August of this year, the "Okus" alliance conducted joint unmanned system combat tests, ultra long range unmanned ship control exercises, and other exercises. In addition, modernization projects that have been brewing for many years, such as the Trinity nuclear strike and the "loyal wingman", will receive financial support, with a focus on the "Sentinel" intercontinental ballistic missile, B-21 strategic bomber, and Columbia class strategic nuclear submarine. According to the analysis of decision-making institutions' constraints, in recent years, the United States has exposed problems such as insufficient military production capacity, shortage of skilled workers, and single and fragile supply chains in its participation in global conflicts. Although the United States has released the "Defense Industry Strategy Implementation Plan", the long-standing problems have accumulated and cannot be effectively resolved in a short period of time, especially the mutual constraints of decision-making institutions, which will greatly affect the efficiency of policy implementation. The basic field of the US defense industry lacks direct leadership institutions. In addition to the US Department of Defense having a say in this field, the State Department, Department of Commerce, Department of Treasury, Congress, and defense companies also actively participate, resulting in these institutions often being constrained by conflicts of interest. For example, the US Department of Defense believes that signing long-term contracts with private enterprises can effectively improve military production capacity and supply chain flexibility, as private enterprises are unwilling to blindly expand workers and production equipment without contract guarantees. But members of the Appropriations Committees of both houses of Congress believe that long-term contracts lack flexibility, and some contracts require the United States to commit to providing long-term funding support for a certain type of equipment. Once there are problems with the research and production of the equipment, the previous investment will be greatly reduced. (New Society)