Astronomers have discovered a supermassive black hole that can devour matter at an extreme speed just 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang. This is a super Edington accretion black hole that devours matter at a speed 40 times faster than the Edington limit. This discovery provides valuable clues for understanding the rapid growth mechanism of supermassive black holes in the early universe. The relevant paper was published in the latest issue of the journal Nature Astronomy. The black hole named LID-568 was discovered by an international team of astronomers. They combined data from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the Chandra X-ray Observatory to innovatively use the integrated field spectrometer on JWST instead of traditional slit spectrometers. This method allows obtaining spectral information for each pixel, rather than just a narrow area. By comprehensively observing the target galaxy and its surrounding environment, the team unexpectedly discovered a strong gas outflow phenomenon around the central black hole. Based on its speed and scale, they speculate that the mass growth of LID-568 may have been achieved through a one-time rapid accretion process. Research has found that LID-568 is consuming substances at a rate 40 times faster than the Eddington limit. The Eddington limit refers to the maximum brightness and material absorption rate that a black hole can achieve to ensure that its internal gravity is balanced with the outward pressure generated by the compression and heating of matter. When the team calculated that the brightness of LID-568 far exceeded the theoretical upper limit, they realized that these data may conceal important discoveries. This extreme situation suggests that the rapid feeding mechanism beyond the Eddington limit may be the reason why such heavyweight black holes appeared in the early universe. These findings provide a new perspective on the formation process of supermassive black holes. These black holes may have originated from the death of the first stars in the universe (light seed model), or from the direct collapse of a large amount of gas (heavy seed model). The discovery of a super Edington accretion black hole now means that both light and heavy seeds may have undergone significant mass growth through a rapid accretion event. The discovery of LID-568 also proves that black holes may break through the Eddington limit, providing astronomers with an opportunity to explore the occurrence of this phenomenon. (New Society)