This year marks the 75th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Over the past 75 years, our party has united and led the people of all ethnic groups in the country to go through storms and hardships, and to create great achievements in socialist revolution and construction, reform and opening up, socialist modernization, and socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era through continuous struggle. We have achieved rapid economic development and long-term social stability, painted a magnificent historical picture, and ushered in a great leap for the Chinese nation from standing up, becoming prosperous to becoming strong. The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered an irreversible historical process. The development achievements of various industries and the flourishing of people's lives are condensed into sets of data. Compared with the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the gross domestic product will increase by 223 times in 2023, the per capita GDP will increase by 89 times, the average life expectancy will increase by 43.6 years, and all rural poor will be lifted out of poverty... The National Bureau of Statistics recently released a series of reports on the economic and social development achievements of the 75th year of the founding of the People's Republic of China. "Numbers" speak of the great achievements of the 75th year. This edition of the "Big Data Observation" column has launched a special report, recording the process of united efforts and hard work, gathering the magnificent force of jointly contributing to the construction of a strong country and the great cause of. The average annual growth rate of the gross domestic product is 7.9%, and the economic strength has unprecedentedly risen. New China was established on an extremely weak economic foundation. In a situation where all things were waiting to be revitalized and all industries were in decline, China adhered to self-reliance and worked hard to become stronger, and developed at an unprecedented speed. The total economic output has continuously crossed important thresholds. In 1952, the gross domestic product was only 67.9 billion yuan, which increased to 367.9 billion yuan by 1978; Since the Third Plenum of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China opened up a new era of reform and opening up, economic development has entered the fast lane. In 1986, it exceeded 1 trillion yuan, in 2000, it exceeded 10 trillion yuan, and in 2006, it exceeded 20 trillion yuan. Since then, it has developed at a rate of breaking through the 10 trillion yuan mark every 1-2 years. In 2020, it exceeded the 100 trillion yuan mark, and in 2023, it exceeded 126 trillion yuan, firmly ranking as the world's second largest economy. Calculated at constant prices, the gross domestic product in 2023 will increase 223 times compared to 1952, with an average annual growth rate of 7.9%; Among them, the average annual growth rate from 1979 to 2023 was 8.9%, far higher than the world economy's growth rate of 3.0% during the same period. The per capita GDP reached 89000 yuan, ranking among the upper middle income countries. In 1952, China's per capita GDP was only 119 yuan. After long-term efforts and development, especially since the reform and opening up, per capita GDP has steadily increased. In 2019, the per capita GDP reached 70078 yuan, equivalent to 10158 US dollars at the annual average exchange rate, surpassing 10000 US dollars for the first time; In 2023, it will reach 89358 yuan, an increase of 89 times compared to 1952, with an average annual growth rate of 6.5%. The annual average exchange rate will be converted to 12681 US dollars, exceeding 12000 US dollars for three consecutive years. According to World Bank data and classification standards, China's per capita gross national income (GNI) will reach US $13400 in 2023, which has jumped from a low-income country at the beginning of the founding of New China to a country with upper middle income. The proportion of secondary and tertiary industries continues to increase, and the industrial structure is moving towards the mid to high end. In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, China was basically an agricultural country, and agriculture played a major role in the national economy. In 1952, the added value of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries accounted for 50.5%, 20.8%, and 28.7% of the gross domestic product, respectively. With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the proportion of secondary and tertiary industries continues to increase, and the economy has shifted from relying mainly on a single industry to relying on the joint drive of the three industries. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the trend of coordinated development and optimization upgrading of the three industries has become more apparent. The fundamental position of the primary industry has been consolidated and solidified, the secondary industry has accelerated its transformation and upgrading, and the tertiary industry has continued to develop rapidly. In 2023, the proportion of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries will be 7.1%, 38.3%, and 54.6%, respectively. From an agricultural perspective, the total grain output has remained stable at over 1.3 trillion catties for nine consecutive years, achieving a transformation from traditional agriculture dominated by planting to modern agriculture with comprehensive development in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fisheries. From an industrial perspective, industrialization and informatization are deeply integrated, and the trend of high-end, intelligent, and green development is improving. From the perspective of service industry, modern service industry is booming, and new business forms and models marked by "Internet plus" emerge in endlessly. The added value of the "three new" economy is 22.4 trillion yuan. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, in the face of fierce competition brought about by the global new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, China has deeply implemented the innovation driven development strategy, accelerated the promotion of high-level technological self-reliance and self-improvement, and the new quality productivity has formed and demonstrated strong driving force and support for high-quality development in practice. From 2013 to 2023, the added value of equipment manufacturing and high-tech manufacturing industries above a certain scale will grow at an average annual rate of 8.7% and 10.3% respectively. Strategic emerging industries will develop and grow, becoming an important engine leading high-quality development. With the rapid development of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and 5G, the integration of data and reality continues to advance, and the pace of industrial digitization and digital industrialization continues to accelerate. By the end of 2023, 421 national level intelligent manufacturing demonstration factories and over 10000 provincial-level digital workshops and intelligent factories have been cultivated; The scale of the digital economy has consistently ranked second in the world for many years, with e-commerce transaction volume and mobile payment transaction scale ranking first globally. New technologies continue to generate new scenarios and activate new driving forces, with new industries, new formats, and new business models. The "three new" economy is showing a vigorous and upward momentum. In 2023, the added value of China's "three new" economy will be 22.4 trillion yuan, equivalent to 17.73% of GDP. Multiple indicators ranked first in the world, and the transportation infrastructure accelerated to form a network. By the end of 1949, only 22000 kilometers of railways and 81000 kilometers of highways were open to traffic in China, and there was not a single expressway. After 75 years of development, China's transportation infrastructure has accelerated into a network, and its transportation service capacity has reached new heights. It has built the world's largest high-speed railway network, highway network, and port cluster, with railway and highway passenger and freight transportation volume, port cargo throughput, etc. ranking first in the world. By the end of 2023, China's railway operating mileage will reach 159000 kilometers, a six fold increase from 1949. Among them, the operating mileage of high-speed railways will reach 45000 kilometers, accounting for more than two-thirds of the world's high-speed railways; The mileage of highways has reached 5.44 million kilometers, an increase of 66 times, including 184000 kilometers of expressways, ranking first in the world; The navigable mileage of inland waterways reached 128000 kilometers, an increase of 74.1%; The mileage of regular flight routes is 8.76 million kilometers. The international logistics channels continue to expand, with the annual number of China Europe freight trains exceeding 17000 in 2023, nearly 10 times more than in 2016, and the service network covering the entire Eurasian region. A series of domestically produced transportation equipment have reached a new level, and new transportation infrastructure such as smart highways, smart docks, smart high-speed railways, and smart warehousing and distribution are flourishing. The per capita disposable income was 39200 yuan, and the optimization and upgrading of residents' consumption structure. In 1949, the per capita disposable income of residents in China was only 49.7 yuan. In 1978, the per capita disposable income of residents in China was 171 yuan, and the per capita consumption expenditure was 151 yuan, which could only meet the most basic survival needs. After the reform and opening up, the economic strength continued to develop and grow, the distribution pattern of national income was optimized and adjusted, residents' income showed a rapid growth trend, and consumption levels continued to improve. In 2023, the per capita disposable income of residents in China will reach 39218 yuan, which is 76 times higher than the actual growth in 1949 after deducting price factors, with an average annual growth rate of 6.0%; The per capita consumption expenditure of residents is 26796 yuan, an increase of 36 times compared to 1956, with an average annual growth rate of 5.5%. The optimization and upgrading of residents' consumption structure, the rapid growth of development oriented and enjoyment oriented consumption such as education and leisure entertainment, and the gradual increase in the proportion of service-oriented consumption expenditure. In 2023, the Engel coefficient of Chinese residents will be 29.8%, a decrease of 34.1 percentage points from 1978; The per capita service consumption expenditure of residents accounted for 45.2%, an increase of 5.5 percentage points from 2013. Home appliances are widely popularized, cars are rapidly entering ordinary people's homes, and the quality of durable consumer goods is constantly upgrading. In 2023, the number of household cars per 100 households in China will be 49.7, and the number of air conditioners will be 145.9, which is 2.9 times and 2.1 times higher than in 2013, respectively. In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, China's social security system was basically in a blank state, with the world's largest social security system and a tightly woven network of people's livelihood security. From scratch and from small to large, China has gradually established a social security system that is compatible with the economic system. Since the reform and opening up, China has focused on pension, medical, and unemployment insurance, gradually building a multi-level and widely covered social security system. Especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the reform of the social security system has entered a stage of comprehensive coverage and deepening, and the level of social security has significantly improved, building the world's largest social security system. By the end of 2023, the number of people participating in basic pension insurance nationwide will reach 1.066 billion, an increase of 1.009 billion from the end of 1989; The number of people participating in unemployment and work-related injury insurance reached 244 million and 302 million respectively, an increase of 164 million and 284 million from the end of 1994. In addition, the construction of various types of affordable housing has been solidly promoted, and the child welfare and protection systems for minors have been continuously improved. The increasingly dense social security network has effectively played a sustainable role in providing support. 98.99 million rural poor have all been lifted out of poverty, and the battle against poverty has been comprehensively won. In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, people's lives were in extreme poverty. The establishment of land reform and the basic socialist system laid the institutional foundation for fundamentally solving the problem of poverty. In the 1950s and 1970s, the living standards of urban and rural residents gradually improved, but the problem of rural poverty remained prominent. Since the reform and opening up, China has attached great importance to the issues of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, implemented large-scale, planned, and organized poverty alleviation and development, and significantly reduced the number of rural poor. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, lifting all impoverished people out of poverty has been regarded as the bottom line task for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and the whole party, country, and society have gathered their strength to launch the battle against poverty. After 8 years of continuous struggle, by the end of 2020, all 98.99 million rural poor people under the current standards will be lifted out of poverty, 832 poverty-stricken counties will be lifted out of poverty, 128000 poverty-stricken villages will be listed, and regional overall poverty will be solved, completing the arduous task of eliminating absolute poverty. China has won the battle against poverty and achieved the poverty reduction goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 10 years ahead of schedule, creating a Chinese model of poverty reduction governance and making significant contributions to the global poverty reduction cause. The gross enrollment rate of higher education exceeds 60%, and the education level continues to improve. In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, more than 80% of the population was illiterate. With the gradual establishment of a new cultural and educational system, the priority development strategy of education has been proposed and deeply implemented, and the overall development level of education in China has jumped to the top in the world. In 2023, the gross enrollment rate of preschool education, the consolidation rate of nine-year compulsory education, and the gross enrollment rate of high school will reach 91.1%, 95.7%, and 91.8%, respectively; The number of students in compulsory education and high school is 160 million and 45.42 million respectively, which is 6.4 times and 103 times higher than in 1949. The popularization of basic education in various stages has reached or exceeded the average level of high-income countries in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Higher education has entered the stage of popularization, and the pace of cultivating high-level talents has accelerated. China has entered a critical period where the demographic dividend is rapidly shifting towards high-quality development of talent dividends. By 2023, the gross enrollment rate of higher education in China will exceed 60%, ranking first in the world in terms of scale; The average education years of the working age population have increased from just over 8 years in 1982 to 11.05 years, and the total amount of talent resources and technological human resources rank first in the world. The scale of goods trade remains the world's largest, and the level of foreign economic and trade cooperation continues to deepen. In 1950, China's total import and export of goods was 11.3%