During oral treatment, patients often have questions: Will anesthesia harm the brain? Will there be any residual effects? Will it affect children's neurological development? Here is a unified answer: none of them. During oral treatment, the vast majority of cases use local anesthesia to anesthetize the area where the teeth need to be treated, temporarily losing the sensation of pain and reducing the patient's pain and fear during the treatment process. This greatly improves the quality and efficiency of oral treatment, and also makes the treatment process more comfortable. At present, there are two main methods of local anesthesia in dentistry: infiltration anesthesia and block anesthesia. Infiltration anesthesia is administered through submucosal injection or periodontal membrane injection, with only capillaries in the local area, and the amount of anesthetic entering the bloodstream is minimal. Blockade anesthesia is the process of injecting anesthesia into the nerve plexus that innervates the surgical site, preventing pain signals from being transmitted to the brain. Although the injection is deeper, blood will be drawn back before withdrawal to prevent the anesthesia from entering small blood vessels. Under the condition of ensuring appropriate dosage, block anesthesia does not have adverse effects on the brain nerves. Even trace amounts of anesthesia entering the bloodstream can be quickly metabolized without damaging the brain. Research on clinical medical data has found that short-term anesthesia (less than 1 hour) during infancy (0-1 years old) has no effect on neurological development within 5 years; It is safe for children under 3 years old to receive general anesthesia within 3 hours at a time; Children over 3 years old (3 years old is an important stage of brain development) who undergo general anesthesia surgery for dental caries generally do not affect their intellectual development, cognitive function, and behavioral performance. In summary, the correct anesthesia method and dosage will not have adverse effects on the health and intelligence of the general population. The most commonly used anesthetics in oral treatment are lidocaine and articaine, which have fast onset, stable efficacy, and short metabolic cycle. During the treatment process, doctors will choose the appropriate type and dosage of anesthesia based on the treatment time, with most anesthesia lasting approximately one to two hours. In addition, since each treatment is limited to one or several adjacent teeth, the amount of medication used is relatively small, and the drug metabolism rate is also fast, with almost no impact, patients do not need to worry. (New Society)