Since ancient times, transportation has played a role as a link in the communication, exchange, and integration of various ethnic groups. After entering modern society, transportation construction plays an increasingly important role in economic and social development, and is of great significance in enhancing national identity and cohesion. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "transportation is the backbone of the economy and the link of civilization." Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has attached great importance to the development of transportation industry, made a series of important statements, guided the implementation of the strategy of building a strong transportation country, and promoted the transportation industry in various regions of China, especially in border and ethnic areas, to achieve great achievements. Transportation has played an important role in promoting extensive exchanges, communication, and integration among various ethnic groups, contributing to the strengthening of the sense of community among the Chinese nation. Transportation facilities promote the smooth flow of goods and personnel. History has shown that transportation facilities play a fundamental, leading, and strategic role in economic and social activities, profoundly influencing the formation and development of the Chinese nation. After the unification of the six states by Qin, "vehicles on the same track", "books on the same page", "quantities on the same scale", and "lines on the same page" were regarded as equally important governance methods. Since then, successive dynasties have also focused on leveraging the spatiotemporal integration function of transportation construction to improve the administrative efficiency of the "central border". After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the completion of major transportation projects such as the Sichuan Tibet Highway, Qinghai Tibet Highway, Chengdu Kunming Railway, Lanzhou Xinjiang Railway, and Qinghai Tibet Railway greatly promoted the smooth flow of materials and personnel between the western, eastern, and central regions. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the modernization process of transportation in border areas and ethnic regions has pressed the "fast forward button". The completion and opening of the Lanzhou Xinjiang high-speed railway, the Shanghai Kunming high-speed railway, and the construction of the Sichuan Tibet railway have promoted the formation of a new development situation of mutual assistance and progress among all ethnic groups in various aspects and fields such as economy, culture, education, healthcare, and technology. In the future, multiple major channels from Xinjiang to Tibet will also fill the gaps in western railway transportation, providing strong support for promoting extensive exchanges, comprehensive exchanges, and deep integration among various ethnic groups. Traffic flow promotes cultural integration. For a long time, interactions and mutual benefits among different ethnic groups on different transportation routes have been beneficial for achieving cultural integration and value recognition. For example, land transportation such as the Silk Road and the Tea Horse Ancient Road have accumulated cultural and value concepts of mutual trust, mutual benefit, and win-win outcomes. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the public transportation service system in border areas and ethnic areas has been increasingly improved, and multi-level and diversified travel needs have been better met. Special tourist trains such as "Tour of the Western Region by Train" and "Tour of Xinjiang by Train" promote the integration of traffic flow into cultural increment and facilitate communication, exchange, and integration among various ethnic groups. Relevant departments and localities have issued and implemented a series of policy measures aimed at promoting poverty alleviation and comprehensive rural revitalization through convenient transportation. These policy measures aim to revitalize the border areas, enrich the people, and benefit the people, creating conditions for people of all ethnic groups to live, learn, and work together, and injecting new connotations into the transportation culture of the new era. The construction of a strong transportation country has enhanced the sense of gain, happiness, and security of all ethnic groups in improving people's livelihoods, providing a value bond for forging a sense of community for the Chinese nation. The spirit of transportation helps strengthen emotional bonds. Promoting the transportation spirit represented by the "Two Roads" spirit and the Qinghai Tibet Railway spirit is an important part of cultivating transportation civilization, and also provides strong support for the close connection of emotional bonds among various ethnic groups. Since ancient times, transportation projects that connect mountains and rivers have faced numerous difficulties and dangers. Various ethnic groups have formed a diverse emotional identity through road construction, reflecting the spirit of unity and progress of the Chinese nation. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the spirit of the "Two Roads" and the spirit of the Qinghai Tibet Railway constantly inspired people of all ethnic groups to overcome difficulties and risks, and strive for progress. In the new era, transportation plays a leading role in helping people of all ethnic groups to overcome absolute poverty and create a better life together. The spirit of transportation radiates new vitality in poverty alleviation and comprehensive rural revitalization. The ongoing Sichuan Tibet Railway project has repeatedly overcome world-class construction challenges, continuously elevating the spirit of transportation. We need to further tell vivid stories of transportation development in border areas and ethnic regions, extract the spirit of mutual assistance and common progress among all ethnic groups, promote the construction of a shared spiritual home for the Chinese nation, encourage the unity and spiritual dependence of all ethnic groups, and form a strong spiritual driving force to promote the cause of ethnic unity and progress. (New Press) (Author affiliation: School of Public Administration, Southwest Jiaotong University)