At the opening ceremony of the 2024 Bund Convention held on September 5th, 24-year-old one armed boy Zhou Jian used his intelligent bionic hand to play the piano, capturing a warm scene on stage. Although artificial intelligence has a long past, it has only a short history Wang Jian, an academician of the CAE Member, director of Zhijiang Laboratory and founder of Alibaba Cloud, shared his thoughts on AI+and AI infrastructure at the opening ceremony. He stated that scientists such as Turing have had many thoughts related to artificial intelligence since the 1940s and 1950s. In 2017, Google proposed the Transformer model architecture, which brought artificial intelligence back into people's sight and had an impact on the industry. When we talk about the '+' of 'artificial intelligence+', it's not about adding anything, what's more important is mechanism innovation Wang Jian said that this innovation is the combination of data, models, and computing power. When there are significant changes in the scale of data, models, and computing power, new things must be introduced - AI infrastructure. Wang Jian believes that when technology has the most lasting impact on humanity, it becomes infrastructure. He quoted Sequoia Capital's viewpoint: in the era of cloud, mobile, and AI, cloud computing is infrastructure. When you look at AI, AI+, and AI infrastructure, you will find that the world is not only revolutionizing in technology, but also in mechanisms and infrastructure. There is nothing more exciting than these three revolutions happening at the same time. These revolutions are creating the future Wang Jian summarized. How much of the shock brought by today's big models comes from human-computer interaction? How much progress has come from machine intelligence Shen Xiangyang, Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and a foreign academician of the National Academy of Engineering in the United States, raised a question in his keynote speech titled "Opportunities and Challenges in the Age of Big Models: Technological Integration, Industrial Transition". Shen Xiangyang talked about the evolution of human-computer interaction in the era of big models. In his opinion, from graphical interfaces to search, recommendation, and dialogue, the development of big models will further promote this iteration. He believes that AI provides a new context for humans to coexist with technology, and the new way of human-computer interaction points to the integration and progress of "AI and IA". IA (Intelligent Augmentation) stands for a human centered approach to AI development. It focuses on using technology to enhance human capabilities rather than replace humans, emphasizing the collaborative relationship between humans and AI. When it comes to AI agents that the industry has been particularly concerned about recently, Shen Xiangyang stated that in the process from vision to implementation, it is necessary to always be demand-oriented, deeply understand the capabilities of the model, and build a workflow with deep AI involvement. He stated that the arrival of the AI agent era will not be a magical and powerful model suddenly replacing all workflows. It involves continuous integration of technology, engineering, and market, ultimately presenting unexpected services to humanity. According to Xiao Yanghua, a professor at the School of Computer Science and Technology at Fudan University and director of the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, with the widespread application of brain computer interfaces and AI technology, machines have become the external brain and limbs of humans, and humans are no longer in the traditional biological sense. He stated that in the era of intelligence, humans will become "superheroes" enhanced by machine intelligence, and perhaps this will be the ultimate impact of advanced technologies that have been used for a long time on human society's production and life. Xiao Yanghua said that, along with this, the social relations between people will also change. AI will become the agent for human beings to engage in various production and activities. "The relations between people and machines, machines and machines will inevitably be included in our investigation of social relations.". From a governance perspective, we need a new governance framework and system to address the situations of different countries and regions Shen Xiangyang emphasized that in the process of the gradual manifestation of the disruptive power of artificial intelligence, it is necessary to attach importance to the governance of AI and create responsible AI. The 2024 Bund Conference will be held from September 5th to 7th. The theme of this year's conference continues to be "Technology · Creating a Sustainable Future", committed to building a dialogue platform that promotes international exchange and the integration of technology and culture. (New Society)