Against the backdrop of increasingly fierce competition and accelerating technological changes in the global manufacturing industry, promoting high-quality development of advanced manufacturing is not only a necessary path for China to achieve technological self-reliance and move towards a manufacturing powerhouse, but also a key measure to cope with complex international situations and ensure national economic security. The competitive situation of global advanced manufacturing industry significantly relies on the integrated application of high-tech such as electronic information, computers, machinery, materials, etc. Compared with traditional manufacturing industry, advanced manufacturing industry has fully realized the production mode of informatization, automation, intelligence, flexibility and ecology. Advanced manufacturing not only has the characteristics of high profits and high added value, but also demonstrates a strong leading role in innovation and industrial agglomeration, and has become an important force in promoting economic development in the new era. Against the backdrop of increasingly fierce global manufacturing competition and accelerating technological changes, the development of advanced manufacturing has become a key factor in the economic competitiveness of various countries. Developed countries such as the United States and Japan have implemented a "re industrialization" strategy aimed at occupying the high ground of advanced manufacturing development and reshaping new competitive advantages in the global manufacturing industry. Under this trend, the division of labor in the global manufacturing industry's industrial chain is rapidly adjusting, and the layout of advanced manufacturing's industrial chain, supply chain, and value chain is accelerating towards regionalization, localization, diversification, and digitization. On a global scale, the development of advanced manufacturing is showing a fluctuating upward trend. Although the proportion of global manufacturing value added to GDP has decreased from 2015 to 2019, the regional concentration of manufacturing has gradually increased. In 2022, China's manufacturing added value reached 33.5 trillion yuan, accounting for about 30% of the world's total, maintaining its position as the world's largest manufacturing country for 13 consecutive years. In terms of innovation foundation, South Korea has long been a global leader in the proportion of research investment to GDP and the number of researchers per thousand people. In 2022, South Korea's R&D expenditure accounted for 4.93% of GDP, with 17.4 researchers per thousand people, ranking among the top in the world. In the same year, China's R&D investment intensity was 2.55%, with about 15 researchers per thousand people, ranking 12th among major countries in the world, surpassing France and the Netherlands, and gradually approaching the average level of OECD countries. Switzerland, the United States, and Germany have always been at the forefront of global intelligence and digitization in the manufacturing industry. Switzerland has become one of the most competitive countries in the world with its highly automated production facilities and excellent digital capabilities. The United States has further promoted its technological innovation capability through "industrial Internet" and "intelligent manufacturing". These countries dominate the global manufacturing automation and digital transformation. In contrast, although China has made significant progress in these fields, especially in terms of industrial robot density reaching 322 units per 10000 workers, ranking fifth globally, there is still a certain gap compared to leading countries in terms of overall digital infrastructure and network readiness. In addition, in terms of green manufacturing, countries are actively taking effective measures to reduce carbon emissions and promote the green and low-carbon transformation of the manufacturing industry. Despite significant achievements in scale, quality, innovation, openness, and intelligence in recent years, China's advanced manufacturing industry still faces many challenges, especially in the context of increasingly fierce global competition. Firstly, the ability for independent innovation needs to be enhanced. In 2022, China's basic research investment accounted for only 6.57% of all research and development funds, lower than the average level of 15% to 20% in developed countries. Some key core technologies are still controlled by others, and the dependence on imports in the manufacturing of key basic materials, core components, and high-end equipment is relatively serious, which puts China at the bottom of the "smile curve" in the global value chain division of labor. Secondly, there are still weak links in the industrial system of China's manufacturing industry. The core technologies in key areas are constrained by other countries, resulting in insufficient overall efficiency of the industrial chain, a small number of leading enterprises, limited economies of scale, and insufficient utilization of leading roles. In addition, manufacturing enterprises have weak profitability, low added value and technological content of exported products, insufficient brand influence, and lack of independent brands with international competitiveness. At the same time, there is a shortage of high-quality talent supply, and the connection between industry, academia, research, and application is not close enough, resulting in a mismatch between talent supply and demand, further limiting the improvement of enterprise competitiveness. Again, the efficiency of resource allocation needs to be improved. The rising costs of resources such as labor, land, and raw materials have constrained the competitiveness of enterprises. At the same time, the policy support for promoting enterprise development is still insufficient, and the construction of a productive service supply system urgently needs to be strengthened. The specialized division of labor in some industrial parks is not clear enough, and the basic supporting facilities are not yet perfect. In addition, advanced manufacturing enterprises have a single financing channel and lack effective financial system support, which further limits their sustainable development. Finally, in the process of achieving green transformation, China's manufacturing industry not only needs to address the emission reduction challenges of high energy consuming industries, but also needs to overcome the shortcomings of green technology innovation. Although the country has introduced policies such as the "14th Five Year Plan for Industrial Green Development" and the "Action Plan for Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality", which clearly promote the direction of industrial energy conservation and consumption reduction, and the development of green manufacturing, there are still challenges in policy implementation and supervision. For example, there are problems with uneven implementation and incomplete regulatory coverage in promoting green manufacturing standards, implementing carbon emission trading mechanisms, and promoting the popularization of energy-saving technologies in small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, how to ensure the effective implementation of policies and promote green technology innovation is an urgent problem that China's manufacturing industry needs to solve. To promote the development of advanced manufacturing industry in four aspects and promote the high-quality development of China's advanced manufacturing industry, efforts need to be made in multiple key areas to achieve comprehensive upgrading and high-quality development of the industry. One is to enhance the ability of technological innovation. Technological innovation is the core driving force of advanced manufacturing industry, and we should vigorously cultivate new quality productivity and accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system supported by advanced manufacturing industry. In this process, it is necessary to focus on the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation, and implement industrial foundation reconstruction projects and major technological equipment research and development projects. To this end, it is necessary to optimize the organizational mechanism for major scientific and technological innovations, strengthen the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces, coordinate and strengthen the research and development of key core technologies, and ensure the dominant position of enterprises in innovation. By establishing a reserve system for enterprise research and development, support enterprises to lead or participate in national scientific and technological research and development tasks. At the same time, we will establish a mechanism to promote the development of specialized, refined, unique and new small and medium-sized enterprises, promote the deep integration of industry, academia, research and application, deepen the reform of the mechanism for transforming scientific and technological achievements, and build a technology finance system that is compatible with technological innovation. The second is to accelerate the digital and intelligent transformation. With the rapid development of the digital economy, the digital transformation of the manufacturing industry is imperative. We should promote the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy, implement technological upgrades and large-scale equipment updates, and comprehensively promote the intelligent transformation of the manufacturing industry. Support enterprise equipment updates, accelerate the process of "intelligent transformation from digital to networked" in the manufacturing industry, and promote the construction of digital workshops and smart factories. Deepen the pilot demonstration of intelligent manufacturing, promote the deep integration of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, and 5G with the manufacturing industry, and create a national new industrialization demonstration zone. In addition, the industrial Internet innovation and development project should be deeply implemented to improve the lean and flexible level of manufacturing and fully release the potential of data elements. The third is to promote green transformation. We should encourage manufacturing enterprises to actively practice carbon reduction, pollution reduction, and greening, and create typical application scenarios for green and low-carbon manufacturing. By improving the green manufacturing and service system, adhering to the leadership of green technology, accelerating the research and promotion of green and low-carbon technologies, and focusing on strengthening technological innovation in areas such as energy conservation and emission reduction, clean production, pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and resource recycling. At the same time, we should focus on the greening of the entire product lifecycle, accelerate energy conservation, carbon reduction, and energy efficiency improvement in key areas, promote the high-value utilization of renewable resources and the upgrading and transformation of technological equipment, improve the green and low-carbon standard system, and actively promote international cooperation in green manufacturing. The fourth is to deeply integrate and develop with the modern service industry. Based on China's complete industrial system and strong production capacity, establish a shared production platform to promote the transformation of enterprises from the traditional product centered business model to the "manufacturing+service" model. Specific measures include: utilizing big data and artificial intelligence technology to provide precise and customized services for manufacturing enterprises, enhancing customer experience; Build a digital service platform to support manufacturing enterprises in expanding service-oriented businesses, such as equipment maintenance, data analysis, and operational optimization; Promote the deep integration of manufacturing with modern service industries such as logistics and finance, build a complete industrial chain ecosystem, and enhance international competitiveness. This model can not only increase the added value of products, but also enhance the flexible manufacturing capabilities of enterprises by integrating high-end service resources, thereby achieving mutual promotion and integration between advanced manufacturing and modern service industries. (New Society)