Enhancing medical capabilities and improving service systems in various regions - promoting the construction of pediatrics to care for children's health (building a fertility friendly society), improving service capabilities, and providing comprehensive and full cycle health protection for children; Optimize resource allocation to enable the public to enjoy high-quality children's medical services at their doorstep; In recent years, China has continuously promoted the construction of pediatrics, and various regions have continuously improved their medical and scientific research capabilities in the field of pediatrics, in order to better meet the needs of children's medical and health services by improving supporting policies and cultivating pediatric medical staff. Children's health is related to family happiness and the future of the nation. Improving the level of public medical services for children is one of the important links in promoting the construction of a fertility friendly society. In recent years, the construction of pediatrics in China has achieved remarkable results. Various regions have continuously improved the medical and health service system for children, perfected the supporting policies for children's medical and health services, and provided strong guarantees for the healthy growth of children. Thanks to the screening of genetic metabolic diseases in newborns, we were able to detect abnormalities in our babies and receive timely treatment. Recently, Ms. Li, a resident, brought her newborn child to Wanzhou District Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Chongqing for a child health check-up. Ms. Li's son was born on May 5th this year. On May 8th, he underwent screening for genetic metabolic diseases in newborns and was diagnosed with propionic acidemia. After a period of intervention and treatment, his growth and development are currently normal. There are 14 midwives in Wanzhou District to promote the screening of genetic and metabolic diseases of newborns in an orderly manner. All newborns delivered in Wanzhou District and newborns delivered outside the district by mothers with registered residence in Wanzhou District can enjoy free screening. In 2023, 6427 cases of genetic metabolic diseases in newborns were screened locally, with a screening rate of 100%. In recent years, China's pediatric comprehensive services have been continuously optimized, with various regions continuously improving their clinical diagnosis, treatment, and scientific research capabilities in the field of pediatrics. This includes conducting screening and assessment of pregnancy risks during pregnancy and childbirth, implementing three-level prevention and control measures for birth defects, providing health management services for children aged 0-6, and enhancing their ability to diagnose and treat major diseases and critically ill cases. Entering the children's waiting area of Tongzhou District Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Beijing, cartoon characters are integrated into the courtyard, consultation area, and doorplate. The children are waiting in an orderly manner in the book corner and children's play area. We need to further improve our service capabilities and provide comprehensive and full cycle health protection for children Su Tao, assistant director of Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, introduced that in the past two years, the hospital has added 30 sub specialty clinics, among which specialized clinics for children with learning difficulties have solved difficulties for many families. Further optimize the medical service process. The reporter saw that a pediatrician at the triage desk is investigating the condition of the child and issuing a checklist. By involving pediatricians in pre examination triage, parents and children can receive examination and laboratory tests in advance during the triage stage, achieving hierarchical diagnosis and treatment, priority treatment for critical and severe cases, and early testing for mild cases, greatly reducing the time for medical treatment. According to data from the National Health Commission, the screening rates for genetic metabolic diseases and hearing impairment in newborns in China are both over 90%. The infant mortality rate and under-5 mortality rate caused by birth defects have decreased by over 30% compared to five years ago. The health level of children in our country continues to improve. By 2023, the national infant mortality rate and under five mortality rate will be reduced to 4.5 ‰ and 6.2 ‰ respectively, a decrease of 56.3% and 53% compared to 2012. In recent years, China has continuously improved the grassroots children's health service network, led by district and county maternal and child health institutions, with township health centers and community health service centers as hubs, and village clinics as the basis, to enhance the accessibility of health services. At present, there are 158 children's hospitals and 3082 maternal and child health care institutions in China. The number of beds per thousand children nationwide has reached 2.7, an increase of 0.27 compared to 2015. Ms. Peng, a resident of wutong Community, Gecheng Street, Chengkou County, Chongqing, told the reporter that when her eldest daughter was born in 2015, there was no child health care department in the county, so she had to go to the Children's Hospital affiliated to Chongqing Medical University for medical treatment. Each round trip transportation, accommodation and other expenses were close to 2000 yuan. At the end of 2019, the Children's Health Department of Chengkou County Maternal and Child Health Hospital was established, which can provide health services for children in various stages such as neonatal, infancy, early childhood, school age, and adolescence. After the birth of my youngest daughter in 2020, child health care was carried out at the city gate, without additional expenses such as transportation and accommodation. The cost of medical treatment was also lower than in the main urban area of Chongqing, "said Ms. Peng. To enable the public to enjoy high-quality children's medical services at their doorstep, we also need to promote the construction of a hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system for pediatrics, and facilitate the connection of high-quality children's medical resources from top to bottom. The skin lines on both thighs are asymmetrical, the buttocks are not of equal width, and the lower limbs are not of equal length. There are suspected symptoms of developmental hip dislocation Medical staff from the Health Department of Nanmofang Community Health Service Center in Chaoyang District, Beijing, conducted a routine child health examination on a 3-month-old baby named Xiaoqin. After careful examination and evaluation, it was preliminarily determined that there was an abnormality in the screening for developmental hip dislocation. After discovering the problem, the healthcare doctor immediately assisted the parents in referring their child to Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Health Hospital for further examination according to the referral requirements. Afterwards, they went to Beijing Jishuitan Hospital for a follow-up examination, and finally diagnosed with left hip subluxation. After 3 months of rehabilitation treatment, Xiaoqin's hip joint gradually returned to normal, and all indicators met the health standards. We have strengthened the linkage with maternal and child health hospitals and children's hospitals to provide residents with better pediatric medical resources Wang Ying, Secretary of the Party Branch of Nanmofang Community Health Service Center, said that with the assistance of China Rehabilitation Research Center, the leading unit of Chaoyang District Rehabilitation Specialist Medical Alliance, Tiantan Hospital, the Beijing counterpart support medical alliance hospital, and Tsinghua University affiliated Chuiyangliu Hospital, the leading unit of Chaoyang District Tight Medical Alliance, pediatric experts from Tiantan Hospital, Pediatric Research Institute, and Tsinghua University affiliated Chuiyangliu Hospital come to the community health service center for consultations every Monday afternoon and every Tuesday day. China has established 2 national children's medical centers and 5 national children's regional medical centers, and has laid out 14 national regional medical center construction projects for children. The construction of pediatric specialty alliances will be promoted to further optimize the allocation of children's medical resources, improve the diagnosis and treatment level of major and complex diseases in children, and reduce cross regional and cross provincial medical treatment. Taking multiple measures and supporting policies, Mr. Qiu, a resident of Chongqing, breathed a sigh of relief recently while handling the discharge procedures for his child at the Three Gorges Hospital affiliated with Chongqing University. Chongqing University Affiliated Three Gorges Hospital is a designated treatment hospital for children's "two diseases" (leukemia and congenital heart disease). When the insured person is discharged from the designated treatment hospital for settlement, the medical institution settles according to the diagnosis of the "two diseases" of the child by the treating doctor, and the system automatically reimburses according to the "two diseases" of the child. To promote the high-quality development of children's medical and health services, relevant supporting policies are essential. In January of this year, the National Health Commission and other departments issued the "Opinions on Promoting the High Quality Development of Children's Medical and Health Services", which proposed to "improve the supporting policies for the high-quality development of children's medical and health services", involving enhancing the synergy of medical service pricing policies, improving children's medical security benefits and payment policies, improving and implementing incentives for pediatric talents, and increasing financial support. The National Healthcare Security Administration and five other departments recently issued a notice on carrying out a special action for children to participate in basic medical insurance, requiring strengthening departmental linkage, establishing communication and cooperation mechanisms, and effectively improving the participation rate of children in basic medical insurance. Related measures have been launched in various places - Beijing Children's Hospital has implemented mobile payment for outpatient appointment registration and medical expenses of Beijing medical insurance patients, eliminating the need for parents of sick children to go to the window or self-service machine to queue for payment, further improving payment efficiency; Shanxi has established a sound salary incentive system, and the internal salary distribution of maternal and child health care institutions prioritizes medical personnel engaged in women's and children's health care services, as well as professionals in obstetrics, gynecology, pediatrics, and midwifery who are actually engaged in clinical practice, in order to improve the enthusiasm of practitioners... "In terms of talent cultivation, the number of pediatric medical staff in China, especially grassroots pediatric medical staff, is still insufficient. Children often cannot accurately express their feelings and can only be judged through parental descriptions and doctor observations, which puts higher demands on pediatricians." Su Tao suggests further strengthening standardized diagnosis and treatment training for common and frequently occurring pediatric diseases, and improving the ability of grassroots pediatric medical services. Jin Hongxing, Secretary of the Party Committee of Yiwu Maternity and Child Health Hospital in Zhejiang Province, introduced that through strengthening talent recruitment and education work, the hospital's children's healthcare team has increased from 70 to over 170 in the past five years, and the proportion of highly educated talents in fields such as optometry and child rehabilitation continues to expand. We have also increased the integrated training of personnel in pediatrics and child health care, requiring child health doctors to possess clinical diagnostic abilities for children and pediatricians to master basic knowledge and skills in child health care, in order to promote the orderly integration of child health care and pediatric diagnosis and treatment Jin Hongxing said. (New Society)