Physicists from the University of Bath in the UK have developed a new generation of specialized optical fibers to address the data transmission challenges of the future quantum computing era. This achievement is expected to promote the expansion of large-scale quantum networks. The research results were published in the latest issue of Applied Physics Letters Quantum. The highly anticipated aspect of quantum technology is that it can enable people to solve complex logical problems and develop new drugs with unprecedented computing power. At the same time, quantum technology can also bring more secure communication to people by providing unbreakable encryption technology. However, due to the solid core of optical fibers, wired networks that transmit information globally today are not suitable for future quantum communication. The wavelength of light transmitted through traditional optical fibers is determined by the loss of quartz glass. These wavelengths are incompatible with the operating wavelengths of single photon sources, quantum bits, and active optical components required for optical quantum technology. Therefore, researchers must develop corresponding supporting devices to ensure their effectiveness in future quantum networks. This time, researchers from the University of Bath analyzed the relevant challenges of quantum Internet from the perspective of optical fiber technology, and proposed a series of solutions to achieve robust, large-scale scalability of quantum networks, including optical fibers for long-distance communication and special optical fibers that allow quantum repeaters. The newly manufactured special optical fiber is different from standard telecommunications optical fiber in that it has a microstructure core composed of complex air pocket patterns distributed along the entire length of the fiber. These patterns enable people to manipulate the properties of light inside the fiber, create entangled photon pairs, change the color of photons, and even capture individual atoms inside the fiber. The research team introduced that special optical fibers can achieve quantum computing at the node itself by acting as entangled single photon sources, quantum wavelength converters, low loss switches, or quantum memory containers. Meanwhile, special optical fibers can be directly integrated into the network, greatly extending the operational distance. The new type of optical fiber can also generate more unique quantum states of light, which can be applied in quantum computing, precision sensing, and information encryption, laying the foundation for large-scale applications of quantum computers in the future. (New Society)