On the 30th, Nature Communications published five papers reporting the latest discoveries of the twin asteroid system by five groups of scientists. These achievements are based on observation data from the Double Asteroid Reorientation Test (DART) mission, providing further insights into the formation of such celestial bodies, as well as their physical and geological characteristics, which will have important implications for future human exploration missions and planetary defense strategies. In 2021, for the first time, humans used a spacecraft weighing about 550 kilograms to impact the smaller satellite of a binary asteroid system at high speed, known as the DART mission, with the aim of verifying the technology of kinetic energy impact defense against asteroids. This type of binary asteroid system (consisting of a main star and a orbiting satellite) has always been of great interest because they can provide more accurate physical representations and reveal the formation and evolution processes of small celestial systems. Twin stars and super small satellites are common types of asteroids in near Earth space, as they are closer to Earth. Due to providing a unique opportunity for close observation, it is considered a valuable research subject. This time, the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory used data from NASA's DART mission and images from the Italian Space Agency's "Italian Asteroid Imaging CubeSat" mission for analysis. It was found that the high-altitude surface of the twin star is rugged and uneven, with large rocks (10-160 meters long) and impact craters; At low altitudes, the surface is relatively flat, with fewer large rocks and impact craters. There are multiple cracks or faults on the twin star, as well as some impact craters. Scientists speculate that twin stars may be formed by the shedding of material from twin stars, and further estimate that the ages of twin stars and twin stars are around 12.5 million years and less than 300000 years, respectively. The University of Toulouse in France analyzed the cracks in rocks on the surface of asteroids and confirmed that the bearing capacity of twin stars' surfaces is much lower than that of dry sandy or lunar soils on Earth. In another paper, the INAF Padua Observatory in Italy analyzed the size, shape, and distribution patterns of the rocks on the surfaces of these two asteroids and found that twin stars were actually formed in stages rather than together. Another INAF Padua Observatory team found that thermal fatigue can cause rapid rupture of rocks on the surface of twin asteroids, which is the first observation of such rapid rupture caused by thermal fatigue on such asteroids. Finally, the University of Toulouse compared the surface stone morphology characteristics of the twin asteroid with those of several other gravel pile asteroids (including Ichikawa, Ryukyu, and Bennu), and reported the common formation and evolution mechanisms of these asteroids. These findings provide a comprehensive picture of the 'binary star' system, which will also serve as theoretical support for whether humans can rely on impact to defend against such common asteroids. This result also laid the foundation for the subsequent European Space Agency's "Hera" mission, which will provide higher resolution data and a more comprehensive analysis of the consequences of DART impacts. (New Society)