According to the Institute of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the peanut genetic breeding innovation team has created a new high-quality peanut germplasm with a healthier fatty acid ratio, providing an important foundation for improving the nutritional quality of peanuts. The relevant research results have recently been published in the international academic journal Plant Biotechnology. The experts of the team introduced that peanuts are one of the main oil crops in China and have played an important role in ensuring the safety of edible oil supply in our country. The fatty acid composition is a key quality trait that affects the nutritional and health value of peanuts and their processed products. Compared with vegetable edible oils such as rapeseed oil and sunflower seed oil, peanut oil has a higher content of saturated fatty acids, and nearly half of the saturated fatty acids belong to ultra long chain fatty acids. Too much saturated fatty acid intake is likely to cause the rise of serum total cholesterol, increase the incidence rate of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, diabetes, cancer and other diseases, which is not conducive to human health. In response to this, the research team proposed the research goal of reducing the content of ultra long chain fatty acids in peanuts. Through gene editing and knocking out two genes that control the content of ultra long chain fatty acids in peanut seeds, a new high-quality peanut germplasm with ultra-long chain fatty acid content as low as 0.4% was created, which has no impact on peanut growth and development. This means that the content of saturated fatty acids in peanut oil is also expected to decrease, which is more beneficial to human health. It is reported that the research results have important scientific significance and application prospects for cultivating new varieties of ultra-low saturated fatty acid peanuts, further improving the nutritional and health value of high oleic acid peanuts, enhancing the market competitiveness of peanut products, and promoting the sustainable development of the peanut industry. (Lai Xin She)