Since this year, extreme weather and climate events such as rainstorm, flood, heat wave and drought have occurred frequently in many parts of the world, causing huge economic losses. The World Meteorological Organization stated on the 28th that such events have become the new normal, with climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions being the main cause. Alvaro Silva, a climate expert at the World Meteorological Organization, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency on the 28th that in recent decades, the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as heatwaves and heavy rainfall have been increasing. Since the beginning of this year, heatwaves in Asia, Africa, Europe, and North America have caused serious damage, posing a significant threat to human health and well-being. Silva's analysis suggests that at different time and spatial scales, various climate factors such as El Ni ñ o and La Ni ñ a phenomena may contribute to extreme weather and climate events. However, climate change caused by human activities is the main cause, which is also a long-term background for the increasing frequency and severity of extreme weather and climate events. Driven by factors such as El Ni ñ o and climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions, the duration of record breaking high temperatures has been extended. According to a recent report released by the Copernicus Climate Change Service, the European Union's climate monitoring agency, May this year was the hottest May on record and the 12th consecutive month of global average monthly temperatures reaching the highest level in the same period. Silva said that although the El Ni ñ o phenomenon that lasted from last year to this year has now come to an end, the latest seasonal forecast released by the World Meteorological Organization shows that from July to September, temperatures in the vast majority of Africa, Europe, Asia, North America, Central America and the Caribbean, and most tropical regions of South America will be above average, increasing the risk of heat waves and wildfires. According to the quarterly forecast recently released by the Copernicus Climate Change Service, the surface temperatures of most ocean regions around the world will be above average in the next six months, with the exception of the equatorial Pacific and Southern Ocean. This is related to the possible La Ni ñ a phenomenon that may occur later this year. Francesca Guellermo, senior scientist at the Copernican Climate Change Service, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency that during the La Ni ñ a phenomenon, changes in Pacific sea surface temperature directly affect precipitation patterns in the entire tropical region, thereby affecting global temperature, precipitation, and wind direction. (Lai Xin She)