In order to cultivate and promote a culture of fair competition and create a fair market environment, the State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) recently released the Annual Report on China's Anti Monopoly Enforcement (2023) (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") to the public. The Chinese and English versions of the report released this time mainly include a comprehensive review of anti-monopoly law enforcement work throughout the year, regulatory and law enforcement effectiveness, legal construction, implementation of fair competition policies, competition promotion and advocacy, international exchange and cooperation, local work, and major events. The report points out that in 2023, the State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) resolutely implemented the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, focused on the central work of economic construction and the primary task of high-quality development, and focused on strengthening anti-monopoly supervision and law enforcement. Throughout the year, a total of 27 cases of monopoly agreements and abuse of market dominance were investigated and dealt with, with a fine of 2.163 billion yuan; 39 cases of abusing administrative power to exclude or restrict competition were investigated and dealt with; 797 cases of concentration of business operators have been concluded; We have firmly grasped the key point of accelerating the construction of a unified national market, focused on strengthening the basic position of competition policy, efficiently promoted the construction of institutional mechanisms, vigorously promoted the culture of fair competition, deepened and expanded international exchanges and cooperation, continuously improved the efficiency of fair competition governance, and made positive contributions to optimizing the fair competition market environment, promoting industrial optimization and upgrading, and promoting economic recovery and improvement. The report reveals that industry associations have reached monopoly agreements, with the highest proportion being investigated and punished. In 2023, China launched 16 new investigations into monopoly agreement cases, completed 16 cases, and fined a total of 294 million yuan. The illegal entities involved 6 industry associations and 105 enterprises. (Lai Xin She)