The Food Security Law of the People's Republic of China, which came into effect on June 1st this year, is a fundamental and comprehensive law in the field of food security in China. As a specialized law with the theme of food security, the Food Security Law has many highlights worth paying attention to. Let's learn together. How to protect arable land? Article 10 of the Food Security Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that the state implements the control of the use of national land space under national land spatial planning, coordinates the layout of functional spaces such as agriculture, ecology, and urban areas, delineates and implements red lines for the protection of arable land and permanent basic farmland, ecological protection red lines, and urban development boundaries, and strictly protects arable land. The State Council has determined the task of protecting cultivated land and permanent basic farmland by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government. Local people's governments at or above the county level shall ensure that the total amount and quality of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland within their administrative regions do not decrease. The state establishes a compensation system for farmland protection to mobilize the enthusiasm of the responsible parties in protecting farmland. How to layout grain production? Article 26 of the Food Security Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that the state shall take measures to stabilize the sowing area of grain, reasonably layout grain production, and ensure that the main grain production areas, main sales areas, and production and sales balance areas all maintain the area and yield. The main grain producing areas should continuously improve their comprehensive grain production capacity, the main grain sales areas should stabilize and increase their grain self-sufficiency rate, and the grain production and sales balance areas should ensure basic grain self-sufficiency. The country will establish a sound mechanism for ensuring the income of grain producers, with the goal of improving market mechanisms to improve agricultural support and protection systems and grain price formation mechanisms, promote agricultural efficiency and income growth for grain producers, and protect their enthusiasm for grain cultivation. Provincial and above people's governments should allocate funds through budgets to support food production. How to establish a grain reserve system? Article 29 of the Food Security Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that the state shall establish a government grain reserve system. Government grain reserves are divided into central government reserves and local government reserves. The government's grain reserves are used to regulate grain supply and demand, stabilize the grain market, and respond to emergencies. The scale of central government grain reserves and the total scale of local government grain reserves shall be determined and dynamically adjusted by the State Council. The variety structure and regional layout of government grain reserves shall be determined in accordance with relevant regulations of the State Council. The purchase, sale, rotation, and utilization of government grain reserves shall be strictly carried out in accordance with relevant national regulations. How to manage the grain market? Article 35 of the Food Security Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that the state strengthens the management of the grain market, fully plays the role of the market, improves market rules, maintains market order, legally guarantees the fair participation of grain operators in market competition, and safeguards the legitimate rights and interests of grain operators. The state adopts various measures to strengthen the regulation of the grain market, maintain a basic balance between the total supply and demand of grain in the country, and maintain basic market stability. Local people's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to ensure the implementation of the national macroeconomic control policies on grain. How to regulate food conservation? Article 52 of the Food Security Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that the state strictly practices thrift and opposes waste. County level and above people's governments should establish and improve a mechanism that combines guidance, incentives, and punishment education, strengthen leadership and supervision of food conservation work, and promote food conservation work. The development and reform, agriculture and rural areas, grain and reserve, market supervision and management, commerce, industry and information technology, transportation and other relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with their responsibilities, carry out grain conservation work in the production, reserve, circulation, processing, consumption and other links of grain. What penalties will be imposed on those who plant crops that do not meet the requirements of farmland cultivation control? Article 66 of the Food Security Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that if a person violates the provisions of this law by planting crops that do not meet the requirements for controlling the use of cultivated land, the agricultural and rural competent department of the county-level people's government or the township people's government shall give criticism and education; Those who fail to make corrections after criticism and education may not be granted subsidies related to grain production; Agricultural production and operation organizations may be fined in accordance with the law. What legal responsibilities will one bear if they do not obey unified command and dispatch in the event of a food emergency? According to Article 69 of the Food Security Law of the People's Republic of China, if a person violates the provisions of this law and fails to obey the unified command and dispatch of the people's government at or above the county level, or fails to cooperate in taking emergency response measures, the relevant departments of the people's government at or above the county level shall order correction and give a warning in accordance with their responsibilities; Those who refuse to make corrections shall be fined not less than 20000 yuan but not more than 200000 yuan to the unit, and not more than 2000 yuan but not more than 20000 yuan to the individual; If the circumstances are serious, a fine of not less than 200000 yuan but not more than 2 million yuan shall be imposed on the unit, and a fine of not less than 20000 yuan but not more than 200000 yuan shall be imposed on the individual. (Lai Xin She)