The scorching summer has arrived, and prolonged activity in a high-temperature environment can easily lead to heatstroke, and in severe cases, heat stroke may occur. Heat stroke has an urgent onset, rapid progression, and multiple complications. If not treated promptly and effectively, the mortality rate may exceed 50%. Citizens should be vigilant. What is heat stroke? Heat stroke, also known as severe heat stroke, is a serious clinical syndrome in which the body's core body temperature rapidly rises (usually exceeding 40 ℃) after prolonged exposure to high temperature and humidity, leading to multiple organ dysfunction and central nervous system dysfunction (delirium, convulsions, coma). The typical clinical manifestations of heat stroke are high fever, no sweating, and coma. According to the cause of the disease, it can be divided into classic heat stroke and exertional heat stroke. Classic heat stroke, also known as non exertional heat stroke, is mainly caused by passive exposure to high temperature environments and dysfunction of self temperature regulation; Labor induced heat stroke is mainly caused by high load training and high-intensity labor in high temperature and humidity environments. Heat stroke can cause damage to multiple organ functions for two reasons. On the one hand, high heat stimulation directly damages various organ systems, which is commonly referred to as "roasting the body"; On the other hand, it is the excessive defense exhibited by the human body against high heat stimulation from the outside world, resulting in serious consequences such as killing one hundred enemies and causing self harm of three thousand. What are the high-risk groups for heat stroke? 1、 Children, elderly people, pregnant women, as well as elderly people with underlying diseases, people sensitive to temperature changes, and people with mental illnesses. 2、 Women who give birth during confinement may also develop heatstroke if they are in an environment with tightly closed doors and windows in hot weather. 3、 Workers who work outdoors for a long time, as well as athletes who frequently exercise outdoors. How to prevent heat stroke? 1、 Avoid working in high temperature and humidity environments for extended periods of time. 2、 Ensure sufficient rest and reduce workload in the afternoon and afternoon, especially outdoor work. 3、 Timely replenish moisture to avoid dehydration. 4、 Pay special attention to high-risk groups, and seek medical attention promptly if acute diseases such as fever and diarrhea occur to avoid delaying the condition. The warning signal for heat stroke is that in a high-temperature environment, dizziness, fatigue, palpitations, chest tightness, mental confusion, thirst, excessive sweating, nausea and vomiting can occur, which is a precursor to heat stroke. Once these symptoms occur, one should be highly vigilant and take immediate measures. How to help heat stroke patients? Firstly, immediately evacuate from the high temperature environment, move the patient to a cool and ventilated area or air-conditioned room as soon as possible, unbutton their clothes to dissipate heat, and evaluate whether the patient's consciousness is clear. Secondly, use wet towels, ice water, and ice packs to cool down the entire body and quickly lower the patient's body temperature. If there is an ice pack, it can be applied to the patient's neck, armpits, groin, and other areas where the arteries are pulsating, to cool down the entire body. If a patient experiences convulsions, they should avoid tongue bites and ensure unobstructed respiratory tract. Again, you can take oral refreshing and heat relieving drinks such as diluted saline, honeysuckle, and mint. Finally, while implementing emergency treatment measures, others around should immediately help to call the emergency hotline and promptly transfer the patient to the hospital for further evaluation and treatment. (Lai Xin She)