The mission of China's space station is arduous and complex. Currently, astronauts have a flight time of up to 6 months, which places extremely high demands on their physical fitness, knowledge and skills, emergency decision-making and response capabilities, and psychological adjustment abilities. What abilities do you need to possess to become an astronaut who travels through space and dreams of the stars? How were Chinese astronauts trained? The Chinese manned space engineering astronaut system has designed and implemented over 100 training subjects in eight categories, including basic theoretical training, physical training, psychological training, aerospace environment adaptability training, lifesaving and survival training, aerospace professional technical training, and large-scale joint exercises of flight program and task simulation training, based on the principle of "strict training from difficulty, starting from practical combat, and integrating trial training". Astronauts will also participate in various engineering development and testing activities such as manned ship station ground joint testing, long-term manned comprehensive simulation verification testing, and underwater verification testing for extravehicular activities. They will also deeply participate in the writing of flight manuals and contingency plans, continuously strengthening and improving their comprehensive combat capabilities. The combination of virtual and real is closely related to the multi-dimensional training of practical combat to develop excellent extravehicular skills. In space station missions, extravehicular activity training is the most important, difficult, and complex training subject for astronauts. Among them, training on operational skills and exit procedures is conducted using various simulators, including emergency fault handling operations, as well as training in simulated weightlessness and low-pressure environments. During the simulated weightlessness tank extravehicular activity training, buoyancy balancing was used. Astronauts wore underwater training suits and controlled their body posture with both hands to complete extravehicular transfer, upper and lower robotic arms, equipment assembly, and other operations. In addition to tank training, astronauts also need to conduct exit and return gate procedures and operational training on training simulators equipped with air suspension devices. Through a virtual reality trainer, astronauts can immerse themselves in walking on the cabin walls, riding on robotic arms for transfers, overlooking the Earth and gazing at the stars. In a realistic "extravehicular environment," the crew of astronauts can collaborate to complete simulated training outside the cabin. Sleep deprivation training scientifically cultivates psychological adjustment ability. Space flight is a high-risk activity, especially long-term manned flight, which requires astronauts to have good psychological adjustment ability. Astronaut psychological selection and training are particularly important. Psychological training includes multiple subjects such as psychological relaxation, psychological representation, psychological adjustment, psychological compatibility training, and associative psychological training. Among them, the most challenging one is sleep deprivation training in a small and enclosed environment. Astronauts need to complete multiple physiological, cognitive, emotional tests, and related tasks in a small room of less than 6 square meters and continuous 72 hours of sleep deprivation, allowing them to experience extreme physical and mental states and hone their determination to complete tasks. In order to achieve super endurance flight missions, astronauts need to withstand various environmental factors such as overweight, weightlessness, noise, vibration, rotation, and landing impacts. Therefore, it is necessary to select and train candidates with good endurance in the aerospace environment to enter the astronaut team. After that, regular training must be conducted every year to maintain a high level of endurance and improve adaptability. When performing space station missions, astronauts need to monitor and manage the operation of the space station assembly, maintain and repair it, and complete a large amount of space experiments. They need to master a wide range of knowledge and skills in various disciplines. Therefore, astronauts need to undergo a large amount of space station technology, space experiment technology and other aerospace professional technical training. Astronauts need to complete a two-week full mission simulation training in the space station assembly simulator, from maintaining environmental control and life support systems to conducting experimental research, covering all common operations during in orbit mission execution. The extreme environment truly hones the training team's life-saving ability. After astronauts return to the ground, especially in emergency situations, if rescue personnel cannot arrive on time, they need to leave the cabin independently. Therefore, astronauts must receive life-saving and survival training, and have the ability to survive in harsh environments. (Lai Xin She)