The Ministry of Natural Resources has issued four national standards, including the Technical Specifications for Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration in Coal Mines, the Technical Specifications for Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration in Metal Mines, the Technical Specifications for Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration in Oil and Gas Projects, and the Technical Specifications for Monitoring and Evaluation of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration in Mines. These are the first batch of national standards specifically designed for ecological restoration in mines under production in China, which put forward requirements for "mining while repairing" in production mines, filling the gap in this field. The four national standards will be officially implemented from August 1st this year. Lu Lihua, Deputy Director of the Department of Land and Space Ecological Restoration of the Ministry of Natural Resources, said that the development and utilization of mineral resources have strongly supported national economic and social development. Mining ecological protection and restoration play an important role in coordinating ecological and resource security, promoting high-quality development of mining, and promoting harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. Strengthening mining ecological protection and restoration is increasingly receiving high attention from governments at all levels, mining enterprises, and all sectors of society. The four national standards introduced this time aim to vigorously promote the construction of a technical standard system, play a leading role in standard specifications, guide mining enterprises to actively and scientifically fulfill their repair obligations, and assist administrative authorities in fulfilling their regulatory responsibilities fairly, justly, and in accordance with laws and regulations. It is reported that in order to curb increment, avoid new debts, and establish a work mechanism that combines source protection and full process governance and restoration, the Ministry of Natural Resources has organized relevant units such as China University of Geosciences (Beijing) and the National Land Improvement Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources to formulate four national standards, which regulate the ecological restoration work of coal mines, metal mines, oil and gas production mines, as well as monitoring and evaluation work during the ecological restoration process of production mines. It is understood that the four national standards fully reflect the concept of ecological civilization construction in the new era, fully connect with relevant laws and regulations and administrative management requirements, absorb international advanced concepts such as natural solutions and adaptive management, summarize China's successful experience, propose five basic principles for mining enterprises to carry out ecological restoration, clarify multiple key link work requirements, guide enterprises to follow the concept of integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and sands, and adhere to the policy of prioritizing conservation, protection, and natural restoration. By taking various measures such as mitigation, protection, prevention and control, and reclamation and restoration, we will promote the unified planning and coordinated implementation of ecological restoration and mineral resource exploitation in mines. We will promptly reclaim and utilize damaged land, restore and enhance the diversity, stability, and sustainability of the mining area ecosystem, and work together to promote the construction of green mines, helping to achieve harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. According to Lu Lihua, from the perspective of the purpose and role of the newly released standards, they provide scientific support for mining enterprises to carry out ecological restoration. According to the requirements of the entire process of governance and restoration, the four standards extend the ecological restoration chain from end to source protection, propose specific measures such as landform reshaping, soil reconstruction, and vegetation reconstruction in the production process, promote "mining while repairing", provide technical support for mining enterprises to scientifically carry out reclamation and restoration, improve the quality of governance effects, and provide strong basis for the government to implement effective supervision. The four standards have refined the ecological restoration tasks at different stages of the entire process of mineral resource extraction activities, highlighting the ecological restoration stage goals and measures at important time nodes. They provide a strong grip and basis for local governments and industry regulatory authorities to implement the clear supervision and management responsibilities of laws and regulations, strengthen in-process and post event supervision, and supervise mining enterprises to fulfill their reclamation and restoration obligations in accordance with the law, ensuring precise and effective supervision and improving government management efficiency. (Lai Xin She)