In 1961, American biologists Leonard Hayflick and Paul Moorhead first described aging cells. These cells lurk throughout the human body, no longer dividing and losing function, which is one of the causes of aging in the human body. These cells will also release toxic substances, reduce people's cognition, weaken the human immune system, and make people suffer from aging related diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, lung disease, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, heart disease, etc. In a report on May 15th, the website of the British journal Nature pointed out that researchers are trying to deal with these aging cells. Some research teams are developing new anti-aging cell drugs (senolytics), some are trying to modify immune cells, and some hope to use genetic tools to kill aging cells. Currently, about 20 clinical trials are underway, and researchers hope that these methods can eliminate aging cells, combat aging, and safeguard human health. A key strategy for designing new drugs through collaborative warfare between old and new drugs is to curb the ability of aging cells to fight against death. Cells generally survive by producing anti death proteins, and blocking these proteins with drugs can force aging cells to die. United Biotechnology has designed a drug called foseltuoclax that can block the action of BCL xL. BCL xL is a key anti death protein that is abundant in aging cells. When they injected the drug into the eyes of diabetes mice, the drug killed the aging cells in the retinal blood vessels, but did not kill the healthy cells. Compared with the control group, the treated mice performed better in visual acuity tests. The research team subsequently conducted a phase II human trial, injecting foselutoclax into the eyes of approximately 30 people. After 11 months, compared to participants receiving placebo, participants receiving treatment were able to read an average of five or six more letters. Starting from scratch, some scientists are still testing existing senolytics drugs, including dasatinib approved as a cancer therapy in the United States, plant derivatives quercetin, and quercetin. Experiments based on rodents have shown that quercetin and quercetin can clear aging cells and reduce inflammation, promote brain health, and reduce the risk of age-related diseases. Inspired by these positive results, the team from Wake Forest University School of Medicine in the United States conducted safety trials based on the aforementioned combination in early Alzheimer's disease patients last year, confirming the safety of these drugs. Immune cells defend against aging by killing aging cells, and some researchers are turning to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) cells. These modified immune cells can target and kill specific cells based on the molecules on their surface. CAR-T cell therapy has been approved for the treatment of various blood cancers and has achieved some encouraging results. Earlier this year, a team from the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in New York, USA, discovered a protein marker called uPAR on aging cells in the liver, adipose tissue, and pancreas of elderly mice. They have created a new type of CAR-T cells aimed at killing aging cells carrying uPAR markers