The reform and opening up is a crucial move that determines the fate of contemporary China, as well as the realization of the two centenary goals and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Our key move now is still reform and opening up. The development of practice is never-ending, the liberation of the mind is never-ending, and the reform and opening up is also never-ending. There is no way out for stagnation and regression. Nowadays, there are many contradictions and difficulties in promoting reform, but it is not possible without improvement. We must muster the courage to adhere to the correct direction of reform and opening up, dare to tackle tough challenges, dare to venture into dangerous waters, not only have the courage to break through ideological barriers, but also have the courage to break through the barriers of fixed interests, and achieve non-stop reform and opening up. The second reform and opening up is a profound revolution that must adhere to the correct direction and advance along the right path. Direction determines the path, and the path determines destiny. The key to the tremendous success of China's reform and opening up is that we regard the Party's basic line as the lifeline of the Party and the country, and always adhere to the unity of economic construction as the center, the four basic principles, and the two basic points of reform and opening up in the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We neither follow the old path of isolation and rigidity, nor the evil path of changing our flag. Reform and opening up must be courageous in liberating the mind, but liberating the mind has direction, stance, and principles. Therefore, reform and opening up also has direction, stance, and principles. Some people define reform and opening up as moving towards the direction of Western universal values and political systems, otherwise it is not reform and opening up. This is a misinterpretation of our reform and opening up. It cannot be generalized that China's reform lags behind in some aspect. In certain aspects and periods, there may be faster and slower reforms, but overall, there is no evidence of which aspects of China's reform have been improved or which aspects have not. The essence of the problem is what to change and what not to change. Some things that cannot be changed will remain unchanged no matter how long it takes. We cannot learn to walk in Handan. The world is developing and society is progressing. Failure to implement reform and opening up is a dead end, and engaging in "reform and opening up" that negates the socialist direction is also a dead end. We must be very clear headed on the issue of direction. Our direction is to continuously promote the self-improvement and development of the socialist system, rather than changing the course of the socialist system. We must adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles as the foundation of our country, ensuring the correct direction of reform and opening up with them, and endowing them with new contemporary connotations through reform and opening up. We must eliminate all kinds of interference and firmly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. (Speech at the Second Collective Study of the 18th Central Political Bureau on December 31, 2012) Adhering to the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reforms, we will improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. Comrade Deng Xiaoping proposed in 1992 that it would take another 30 years for us to form a more mature and standardized system in all aspects. On the basis of Comrade Deng Xiaoping's strategic thinking, this plenary session proposed to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. This is an inevitable requirement for improving and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and for achieving socialist modernization