What does the latest survey data mean that the proportion of Chinese citizens with scientific literacy will reach 14.14% in 2023? What is the significance of it for the economic and social development of our country? Compared with 20% to 30% of the scientific literacy level of citizens in major developed countries around the world, there is still a significant gap in the scientific literacy of Chinese citizens. What are the challenges for improving the scientific literacy of citizens in the future? The reporter interviewed Wang Ting, the director of the China Institute of Science Popularization, on this matter. Reporter: How is the scientific literacy of citizens measured? What is the significance of continuously improving the overall level of scientific literacy among citizens? Wang Ting: In accordance with internationally recognized evaluation standards, China conducts scientific literacy assessments for citizens aged 18-69. A sampling survey questionnaire examines four indicators: scientific knowledge, scientific methods, scientific spirit and thinking, and the ability to apply science. The weights are 40 points, 20 points, 20 points, and 20 points respectively, with a total score of 100 points. When the total score exceeds 70 points, it is considered to have scientific literacy. The scientific literacy level of citizens in a country or region is expressed as the percentage of citizens with scientific literacy among the total population aged 18-69. In order to further enhance the pertinence and guidance of the evaluation for the construction of citizens' scientific literacy, and optimize the previous two-level evaluation method of whether they have scientific literacy based on a score of 70, we have explored multi-level evaluation research on citizens' scientific literacy. Specifically, using more refined "mean ± standard deviation" grading methods such as the International Adult Assessment Survey (PIAAC) and the International Student Assessment Project (PISA), based on the first survey and evaluation data of the 14th Five Year Plan in 2022, the "mean+0 times standard deviation" is rounded to 55 points as the score line for "at least having basic scientific literacy", the "mean+1 times standard deviation" is rounded to 70 points as the score line for "at least having scientific literacy", the "mean+2 times standard deviation" is rounded to 85 points as the score line for "having advanced scientific literacy", and scores below 55 points (excluding) are rounded to "having less scientific literacy". To maintain consistency with previous statements, "having at least scientific literacy" with a score of 70 or above is referred to as "having scientific literacy". The preliminary research results using multi-level evaluation methods show that the rapid improvement of scientific literacy among Chinese citizens has provided high-quality human resources for economic and social development, and also laid a solid foundation for the continuous improvement of scientific literacy among citizens. In 2023, the proportion of citizens aged 18-69 who possess advanced scientific literacy is close to 2%, the proportion of those who possess scientific literacy is 14.14%, and the proportion of those who possess at least basic scientific literacy exceeds 40%. Overall, the three major groups mentioned above exhibit a pyramid shaped distribution of 1:7:21. According to the calculation of nearly 1 billion citizens aged 18-69, the number of citizens who possess at least basic scientific qualities exceeds 400 million, which is an important labor resource for China's economic and social development and a high-quality talent foundation for promoting economic and social development. Research has shown that when the scientific literacy level of a country's citizens exceeds 10%, it means that it has a human resource foundation to enter the ranks of innovative countries. In 2023, the proportion of Chinese citizens possessing scientific literacy reached 14.14%, and