Climate and environmental changes can affect the distribution and transmission of pathogens, and the cross species transmission of new pathogens often occurs... At the first China Pathogenic Development Conference recently held, Academician Wang Chen, Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and President of the Beijing Union Medical College of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, stated that in the face of the continuous emergence of new pathogens and mutant strains, as well as the current situation where most pathogens do not have specific therapeutic drugs and preventive vaccines, further interdisciplinary integration should be strengthened. "The world continues to face the threat of new infectious diseases, and the World Health Organization will publish a list of priority research every year." Shen Hongbing, academician of the CAE Member and director of the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, pointed out that it is very important to strengthen innovative research in the field of etiology. The new version of global health crisis research and innovation plan launched by the World Health Organization takes key pathogens as a breakthrough, and continues to focus on the development of universal response technology for virus families. Will new infectious diseases still occur? How to nip its spread in the bud next time? How to promote innovation and exploration in the field of etiology to effectively respond to emerging infectious diseases? In response to the above issues, multiple academicians and experts provided response strategies at the meeting. Predicting new pathogens like weather forecast "It is always the direction of the etiology field to carry out research before the outbreak of the epidemic and rely on the research achievements to prevent, slow down or prevent the occurrence of major new infectious diseases." Xu Jianguo, academician of the CAE Member and director of the National Key Laboratory for Traceability, Early Warning and Intelligent Decision making of Infectious Diseases for Disease Prevention and Control, said that an important work in the etiology field is to discover, identify and study pathogens before they cause human epidemics. It is reported that with the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China's major project "Animal derived pathogens and their pathogenicity to humans" from 2012 to 2017, microbiologists in China have conducted research on microorganisms carried by various wild animals, vector organisms, etc., and discovered a large number of new viruses. The project has formed a list of potential new infectious diseases in China, including 17 pathogens such as West Nile virus, Zika virus, coronavirus, and goat intangible body. Solid basic research work is expected to be proactive and proactive in epidemic prevention. "The pathogens on the list have appeared in some places, triggering epidemics and receiving confirmation." Xu Jianguo said, "In the past, we were unable to predict the occurrence of infectious diseases. Now, investigating microorganisms in nature and conducting public health safety assessments can improve the predictive ability of infectious disease outbreaks, achieve predictions like weather forecasts, and guide responses." It is reported that the World Health Organization attaches great importance to the response to unknown infectious diseases. Some developed countries are also strengthening monitoring and early warning research on unknown pathogens. On the basis of the existing influenza monitoring network, China has also expanded the scope of virus monitoring, synchronously monitoring multiple viruses. Shen Hongbing stated that monitoring is of great significance for pathogen research. China has been conducting multi pathogen monitoring since October last year. With the arrival of the peak of respiratory disease infections in autumn and winter, the monitoring has achieved a rapid understanding of the multi pathogen infection situation in China. The objective data obtained from the monitoring indicates that there have been no new pathogens in China recently. Universal drugs and vaccines are being developed, such as