The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to strengthen basic research, highlight originality, and encourage free exploration. The "Plan for Strengthening Mathematical Science Research" jointly formulated by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Education, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Natural Science Foundation of China in 2019 pointed out that mathematics is the foundation of natural science and also the foundation of major technological innovation and development. Mathematical strength often affects national strength, and almost all major discoveries are related to the development and progress of mathematics. Mathematics is a discipline full of freedom and creativity, allowing mathematicians to freely unleash their imagination, create new concepts and methods, and explore unknown fields. Imagination is a fundamental element of creative thinking in mathematics, and it is crucial for mathematical research and discovery. Traditional mathematics education often leans towards formalism, which is not conducive to cultivating students' imagination. Therefore, this article focuses on exploring how to effectively cultivate students' mathematical imagination. 1. The creation of mathematics requires imagination and imagination. Mathematics is a purely rational science that operates completely according to symbols, an abstract formal science based on axiomatization, and has the characteristic of hierarchical abstraction. The abstract nature of mathematics has led many people to believe that mathematical research is a systematic process of extracting problems from real-life situations, discovering mathematical problems and their regularities, organizing mathematical problems into principles, describing principles using mathematical language patterns, and finally verifying and further promoting mathematical principles. The characteristic of mathematical subject, which is characterized by step-by-step abstraction, often makes it difficult for people to see the true process of mathematical creation. It is easy for some people to believe that mathematical creation is a mechanical process in a step-by-step manner, and mathematical creation does not require imagination and imagination, leading to the neglect of the cultivation of imagination and imagination in mathematical education. In fact, imagination and imagination play an extremely important role in mathematical creation and discovery. Mathematicians can boldly use their imagination and discover new mathematical knowledge without being constrained by existing systems of thinking. Mathematics is an organic whole, like a vast, multi-level, constantly growing, and infinitely extending network. The work of mathematicians is to establish new network nodes, search for new connections, clean up and integrate numerous connections, and draw nourishment from the objective world to enrich and extend this network. The creation of mathematics mostly comes from the intuition of mathematicians, and it cannot be separated from imagination. Mathematics was originally used to describe all imaginable worlds in science. It is a logically closed system that, based on fundamental axioms, can extend infinitely in various directions. Wherever the imagination extends, the footsteps of mathematics can be taken. In short, the world of mathematics is an imaginative world full of infinite possibilities. Lenin once highly praised the important role of imagination in scientific creation, believing that "imagination is an extremely valuable quality." He said, "Some people believe that only poetry needs imagination, which is unjustified and foolish prejudice! Even in mathematics, imagination is needed, and without it, calculus cannot be invented." Philosopher Pascal also said, "The uniqueness of imagination is that it can produce the greatest things." Imagination is the key to exploring the treasure trove of truth by thinking deeply about the unknown. The driving force behind mathematical inventions and creations is significant