The latest research results released by the Pasteur Institute in France show that the implementation of antiretroviral treatment 4 weeks after infection with AIDS virus (HIV) can control the virus for a long time after stopping treatment. The relevant paper was published in the recent issue of Nature Communications, enhancing people's awareness of early detection and prompt treatment. Previous studies have shown that if people infected with AIDS virus benefit from early start and maintenance of treatment for several years, their condition may get a lasting remission. When treatment is interrupted, the virus can sometimes be "controlled" for over 20 years. In the new study, scientists conducted grouping experiments on monkeys. The study found that early treatment within 4 weeks after infection seems to be very beneficial to the virus control after treatment interruption, which also indicates that there is a window of opportunity to promote the alleviation of AIDS virus infection. In addition, maintaining early treatment for two years can enhance the development of immune cells. Immune cells acquire effective memory against the virus and can eliminate the virus through their own immune response during the virus rebound period after stopping treatment. (Lai Xin She)