Author: Zhang Qing (Professor at the School of Law and Economics, China University of Political Science and Law) Developing the digital economy is a strategic choice to seize the new opportunities of a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation. As an important factor of production in the digital economy era, data provides strong impetus for the sustainable and healthy development of the digital economy. Building a strong digital security barrier and ensuring data security is essential for achieving healthy development of the digital economy and building a digital China. Data security refers to taking necessary measures to ensure that data is effectively protected and legally utilized, as well as having the ability to ensure continuous security. Ensuring data security is an inherent requirement for promoting the healthy development of the digital economy. It is necessary to develop and utilize data in accordance with the law, drive relevant industries and economic and social development, prevent unauthorized or permitted entities from accessing, storing, developing, and utilizing data, and avoid damaging national security, social public interests, or the legitimate rights and interests of others. From an economic perspective, the sum of various benefits brought by data development and utilization should be maximized, while minimizing the sum of various costs brought by data development and utilization, ultimately achieving the maximization of social net benefits. Emphasizing data security aims to build a strong security barrier and ensure that data is continuously protected, utilized legally, and flows in an orderly manner, rather than suppressing development and utilization. In practice, there are some phenomena that overly emphasize the cost of data development and utilization while neglecting the huge social benefits. Taking personal medical and health data as an example, these data sources are extensive and scattered. Linking a large amount of scattered data for comprehensive analysis and utilization will generate huge social benefits, help improve the quality and safety of medical services, enhance the efficiency of medical insurance fund utilization, and promote the development of the health industry. However, due to the significant importance of these data and their impact on personal privacy, especially when not desensitized during sharing and use, if data is lost or misused, it will cause losses to individuals and even society. Due to various considerations, data holders do not engage in data sharing and utilization, resulting in a large amount of medical and health data being scattered and forming an island phenomenon. The enormous value contained in it cannot be mined, which brings many inconveniences to the public. It is urgent to eliminate information barriers and promote the safe exchange and sharing of these data information. To comprehensively promote the development and utilization of data resources and security governance, and promote the efficient circulation and use of data, it is necessary to further improve the data security governance system. Firstly, promote the open and secure orderly flow of data. Only by breaking down the data silos between departments and industries, and ensuring the safe and orderly flow of data, can we better leverage the value of data and activate new drivers of economic development. We need to establish a sound data security governance system, improve data security assurance capabilities, and further clarify the responsibilities of various platforms, enterprises, and other business entities in data security governance. An