On the morning of December 13, 2023 local time, the 28th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP28) released the final agreement, the UAE Consensus, which clearly stated that countries should "transform and eliminate fossil fuels in their energy systems in a fair, orderly, and equitable manner.". This is the first time since the signing of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1992 that the key issue of "fossil fuels" has been touched upon in a global consensus. Sultan Jabir, Minister of Industry and Advanced Technology of the United Arab Emirates and Chairman of COP28, announced this resolution. Since then, humanity has truly embarked on the path of energy transformation away from fossil fuels. In the era of "transformation and decarbonization", how will China continue to take action, how will fossil and renewable energy be coordinated, how will new national independent contributions be determined, and what is the current and future of China US climate change cooperation? Regarding these issues, Su Wei, the chief representative of China's climate negotiations, recently gave an exclusive interview to China Newsweek. He revealed that fossil fuels are the most core and difficult negotiation topic in COP28. At a critical moment when negotiations reached a deadlock, China, the United States, and the presidency had face-to-face communication and made suggestions for the final text. In his view, "transformation and decarbonization" means that humanity will gradually break away from its dependence on fossil fuels in the future. China's energy transformation should be steadily and orderly promoted, with a focus on "establishing first and then breaking through". China Newsweek: Compared to previous United Nations climate change conferences, please evaluate the significance and importance of COP28. Has COP28 been successful? Su Wei: I believe COP28 is the most important Conference of the Parties since the signing of the Paris Agreement in 2015, and it is also a milestone conference. As is well known, the overall goal of temperature control established by the Paris Agreement is to control the global average temperature rise within 2 ℃ compared to the pre industrial period, and strive to control the temperature rise within 1.5 ℃. Countries will implement this goal through independent national contributions. The core issue of COP28 is to conduct the first global inventory of the implementation of independent contributions by each country, to see how the overall progress of independent contributions by each country is, what difficulties, challenges, and gaps exist, and how to strengthen actions in the next step. So, the success or failure of COP28 depends on how well the global inventory is conducted. From the final result, although the process went through ups and downs, all parties ultimately achieved a "good result" on the global inventory. This is not a result that everyone is very satisfied with, but at least it is an acceptable result that is better than expected. It can be said that COP28 has fulfilled its mission and laid the foundation for further promoting the implementation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Paris Agreement. Meanwhile, COP28 is also the largest and most challenging climate conference since the signing of the Paris Agreement. At the conference, there was intense debate around core issues such as fossil energy, funding, and technological capacity building, especially during the early negotiation process where the positions of all parties were fiercely opposed. In the end, achieving such results is due to the maximum efforts made by all parties involved; On the other hand, the United Arab Emirates