A few months ago, a preterm baby with a gestational age of only 23 weeks was born at Sun Yat sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat sen University in Guangzhou, China, with a weight of only 600 grams and a body size only the size of an adult's palm. This is the smallest recorded gestational age for newborns in the hospital. In early January of this year, the baby girl was successfully discharged with the company of her family. Over the past few months, the parents of the baby girl have been able to express their gratitude to medical staff in simple Chinese, starting with only Spanish and having to rely on translation software or personnel to communicate with the medical team every time. On October 30, 2023, medical staff from the neonatal intensive care unit of Sun Yat sen Memorial Hospital at Sun Yat sen University carried out treatment for premature female infants. On August 24, 2023, a 31 year old Colombian woman who was 23 weeks pregnant came to the emergency department of Sun Yat sen Memorial Hospital at Sun Yat sen University due to abdominal pain and fever. After examination, she was found to have premature rupture of membranes, severe intrauterine infections, frequent contractions, and other conditions, requiring emergency delivery. The doctor later learned that the woman was traveling in China at the time and continued to maintain exercise habits during pregnancy. On August 19th, she suddenly experienced premature rupture of membranes and amniotic fluid leakage after climbing a mountain. Due to lack of experience, this did not attract her attention until 5 days later when the symptoms worsened before she went to the hospital. After receiving the consultation, the hospital's neonatology department quickly organized a team to help the woman successfully give birth to a baby girl in less than 2 hours. The newborn baby girl weighs only 600 grams and has a body size of an adult's palm. Her skin is gelatinous and her breathing is weak, and her life is in danger. The medical team immediately initiated the neonatal resuscitation process and then transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for further treatment. Ouyang Ying, Deputy Director of the NICU in the neonatal department of the hospital, said that a normal full-term newborn has a gestational age of about 40 weeks. Premature infants with a gestational age of less than 24 weeks are called "survival limit ultra premature infants". These premature infants have extremely immature development, great difficulty in treatment, and low survival rates. Premature female infant was born on August 24, 2023 at Sun Yat sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat sen University, with a gestational age of only 23 weeks at birth. This is a photo taken shortly after the baby girl was born. Xinhua News Agency (photo provided by Sun Yat sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat sen University) "The baby girl is only 23 weeks old and is currently the youngest baby born in our hospital. Moreover, the intrauterine infection is extremely severe, making subsequent rescue difficult and time-consuming," said Ouyang Ying. After birth, female infants experience respiratory distress, acute heart failure, renal failure, gastrointestinal inflammation, and also suffer from blinding retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Through interdisciplinary collaboration, the medical team has developed personalized treatment plans for the female infant, helping her overcome difficulties one by one. After 138 days of active treatment, the female infant has gained a weight of 3.2 kilograms and a length of 48 centimeters by the time the gestational age is corrected to 42 weeks. Her physical condition has caught up with that of a full-term baby, and there are no common neurological and respiratory sequelae of preterm infants. The once critically ill and frail baby, under the careful treatment of medical staff, has now recovered into a lively and healthy "little angel". On the other hand, the mother's body has already recovered after treatment. Introduction by Ouyang Ying, except for