On December 29, 2023, the 7th meeting of the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee voted to pass the Food Security Law, which will come into effect on June 1, 2024. "The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to the work of national food security, regards solving the problem of eating for over one billion people as the top priority in governing the country, proposes basic self-sufficiency of grains and absolute food security, and establishes a national food security strategy that prioritizes ourselves, focuses on domestic production, ensures production capacity, imports moderately, and provides technological support." Zhuang Xiaoyong, Deputy Director of the Economic Law Department of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, pointed out in an interview with reporters, The Food Security Law deeply implements the national food security strategy, establishes and improves the food security guarantee system, comprehensively consolidates the foundation of food security, and provides strong legal protection for national food security. At present, the overall situation of food security in China is relatively good, with abundant grain harvests, sufficient inventory, and abundant market supply. However, at the same time, China is facing challenges such as limited total arable land and increased difficulty in stabilizing and increasing grain production. The tight balance between food supply and demand has existed for a long time. "Serving one's own rice bowl and filling one's own grain is the bottom line." Zhuang Xiaoyong introduced that the Food Security Law improves the responsibility mechanism for food security, clarifies the establishment of a food security responsibility system by the state, implements the same responsibility between the party and government for food security, and local governments assume specific responsibilities. Relevant government departments should cooperate and cooperate to ensure food security. In order to fully implement the responsibilities of all parties involved in food security, the government and its relevant departments have formulated special plans, established a mechanism for ensuring food security investment, implemented supervision and inspection, established a monitoring and early warning system, strengthened quality and safety supervision and management, and established a credit system and other institutional measures. In order to ensure the quantity and quality of cultivated land are guaranteed and improved, the Food Security Law has established a special chapter on the protection of cultivated land, which stipulates the implementation of land use control and the establishment of red lines for the protection of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland; Establish a compensation system for farmland protection; Implement a compensation system for occupying arable land; Strengthen the control of cultivated land cultivation purposes; Establish a strict system for protecting the quality of cultivated land, strengthen the construction of high standard farmland, conduct investigations and evaluation monitoring of cultivated land quality, and improve the quality of cultivated land. At the same time, targeted regulations will be made for black land, abandoned land, saline alkali land, and other areas that receive high social attention. Persisting in stabilizing the planting area and increasing the yield per unit area of grain are the two major factors in ensuring high grain yield and harvest. Zhuang Xiaoyong introduced that the Food Security Law adheres to stabilizing land area and increasing yield per unit area. On the one hand, it is stipulated that the state strengthens the construction of grain production functional zones and important agricultural product production protection zones, guiding agricultural producers to plant target crops; The state takes measures to stabilize the planting area of grain, and clarifies that the main grain production areas, main sales areas, and production sales balance areas should all maintain their area and yield; Establish a sound compensation mechanism for the interests of major grain producing areas and improve the compensation mechanism for the interests of major grain producing counties; Establish a sound mechanism for ensuring the income of grain producers, support the cultivation of new agricultural business entities engaged in grain production, and protect the enthusiasm of grain producers for grain cultivation. On the other hand, implementing the strategy of storing grain in technology, increasing support for grain production, stipulating the construction of a national agricultural germplasm resource bank and seed reserve system, strengthening water resource management and water infrastructure construction, and encouraging the promotion and popularization of grain production