The key evidence for the discovery of nanohertz gravitational waves by China's Tianyan, the development of a new integrated memory resistor, memory and computing chip by the Tsinghua University team, and the official production of the world's first fourth generation nuclear power plant... 2023 is destined to be an exceptionally bright year in the history of Chinese technology. This year, significant original achievements have been made in basic research, new breakthroughs have been made in key core technology research, and high-quality development has been supported by technological innovation. All the past is a preface. Looking forward to the future, the vast number of scientific and technological workers will work hard, forge ahead bravely, and work together to write a new chapter of Chinese path to modernization with a high level of scientific and technological self-reliance. In March of this year, the Central Science and Technology Commission was established, and the "Reform Plan for Party and State Institutions" (hereinafter referred to as the "Reform Plan") was issued, proposing to strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee over scientific and technological work, establish the Central Science and Technology Commission, reorganize the Ministry of Science and Technology, focus on forward-looking planning, systematic layout, and overall promotion of scientific and technological work, and accelerate the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement. Technological innovation occupies a core position in the overall modernization construction of China. Faced with the severe situation of international technological competition and external containment and suppression, it is necessary to further streamline the leadership and management system of science and technology, better coordinate scientific and technological forces to overcome difficulties in key core technologies, and accelerate the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement. The Reform Plan specifies the establishment of the Central Science and Technology Commission. Strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee over scientific and technological work, coordinate the construction of the national innovation system and the reform of the scientific and technological system, study and review major strategies, plans, and policies for national scientific and technological development, coordinate the resolution of strategic, directional, and global issues in the field of science and technology, study and determine national strategic scientific and technological tasks and major scientific research projects, and coordinate the layout of strategic scientific and technological forces such as national laboratories. The Reform Plan clearly stipulates that the responsibilities of the Central Committee for Science and Technology's administrative organs shall be assumed by the reorganized Ministry of Science and Technology as a whole. The main alkali resistant genes and their mechanisms of action in crops have revealed for the first time that saline alkali land has become a fertile land, which is a dream of humanity for thousands of years. Nowadays, the latest achievements of Chinese scientists have further advanced humanity towards this goal - they have discovered for the first time the major alkali tolerant gene AT1 and its mechanism of action using the salt alkali tolerant crop sorghum as material. Field experiments have shown that this gene can significantly increase the yield of crops such as sorghum, rice, wheat, corn, and foxtail millet in saline alkali soil, and is expected to significantly improve the comprehensive utilization level of saline alkali soil. The research team led by Xie Qi, a researcher of the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yu Feifei, a professor of China Agricultural University, Ouyang Yidan, a professor of Huazhong Agricultural University, and several cooperative units jointly completed the research. The relevant results were published in Science and National Science Review on March 24th. "There are hundreds of millions of hectares of saline alkali land worldwide, and the cultivation and promotion of high-quality salt alkali tolerant crop varieties will effectively enhance the production capacity of saline alkali land, which is of great significance for ensuring food security," Xie Qi said. At present, a large number of achievements have been made in crop salt tolerance research worldwide, but little is still known about the mechanisms of crop alkali tolerance. The research team conducted genome-wide big data association analysis on sorghum genetic resources and discovered a major alkali resistant gene AT1. This gene is associated with the grain shape regulatory gene G in rice