Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism and an important feature of Chinese path to modernization. To solidly promote common prosperity, it is necessary to first clarify some vague understandings about "common prosperity", in order to better grasp the essence and practical requirements of common prosperity. "Common prosperity" means eliminating polarization and achieving universal prosperity, while "prosperity" means living a prosperous life and eliminating poverty. Socialism with Chinese characteristics requires the elimination of polarization, the elimination of absolute poverty, the resolution of relative poverty, the continuous narrowing of income distribution and property ownership gaps between regions, urban and rural areas, and groups, and the promotion of equal basic public services and development opportunities. Solidly promoting common prosperity requires controlling the income inequality gap, namely the Gini coefficient, within a reasonable range. From international experience, the Gini coefficient between 0.25 and 0.35 is a reasonable income gap, which requires gradually making the middle-income group the main social class. Generally speaking, the middle-income group accounts for 50-70% of the total population, which is a relatively reasonable form of social structure. Common prosperity eliminates poverty and polarization, and all members of society have achieved a standard of living in prosperity. However, the level of prosperity will not be uniform, but will still vary, albeit within a reasonable range of levels. With the continuous development of social productivity, social products and wealth continue to increase, the public service system and social distribution are becoming increasingly perfect, and the living standards of all members of society are becoming richer. However, in affluent societies, differences in social division of labor, differences in individual talents and abilities, and differences in property rights and ownership of means of production still exist, which inevitably leads to objective disparities in income distribution and differences in wealth levels among populations. Therefore, there will be reasonable differences in the order, speed, and degree of prosperity among all members of society when they reach a state of prosperity. It is inevitable that some people and regions will become wealthy first, and gradually move towards common prosperity through the promotion of wealth first and then wealth later. Beyond the current stage of economic and social development, the result of impatience, blind pursuit of "egalitarianism", and welfare "big pot rice" will inevitably lead to common poverty. "Common Prosperity" refers to comprehensive prosperity rather than single material prosperity. Common Prosperity is the unity of material and spiritual prosperity, which is the prosperity of abundant life, beautiful ecology, social harmony, and perfect public service system. It is the realization of